Nemegt Formation

Nemegt Formation
Nemegt Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Cretaceous, 70 Ma
Type Geological formation
Location
Region Asia

The Nemegt Formation (or Nemegtskaya Svita) is a geological formation dating from the Late Cretaceous sedimentary from the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. It overlies and sometimes forms folds with the Barun Goyot Formation.[citation needed] It consists of river channel sediments and contains fossils of fish, turtles, crocodilians, birds and a diverse fauna of dinosaurs. The climate associated with it was wetter than when preceding formations were deposited; there seems to have existed at least some degree of forest cover.

The absolute age of the Nemegt Formation is unknown but it is thought to be early Maastrichtian to possibly late Campanian in age, very roughly 70 million years old.[1]

Contents

Flora and fauna of the Nemegt Formation

Coelurosaurs

Oviraptorosaurs

Oviraptorosaurs reported from the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images

Avimimus

Avimimus portentosus

Avimimids.

Indeterminate

Avimimids.

Elmisaurus

Elmisaurus rarus

"[Three] pedes [and a] manus."[2]

A caenagnathid.

Conchoraptor

C. gracilis

  • Omnogov
  • Red Beds of Hermiin Tsav

"Partial skeleton wwith skull, [four] partial skulls, [and] numerous skull and postcranial fragments."[2]

"Ingenia"

"Ingenia" yanshini

  • Red Beds of Hermiin Tsav[2]

"Partial skeleton with skull [and five] partial postcrania."[2]

An oviraptorid, also found in the Barun Goyot Formation.

Nemegtomaia

Nemegtomaia barsboldi

An oviraptorid.

Nomingia

N. gobiensis

"Partial postcranium."[3]

Rinchenia

Rinchenia mongoliensis

"Skull and fragmentary postcranium."[3]

An oviraptorid.

Paravians

Paravians reported from the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images

Adasaurus[4]

Adasaurus mongoliensis[4]

"Partial skull and fragmentary postcrania."[5]

A dromaeosaurid.

Zanabazar

Borogovia

Borogovia gracilicrus

"Partial hindlimbs."[6]

A troodontid.

Gurilynia

Gurilynia nessovi

"Shoulder girdle and forelimb elements."[7]

An enantiornithine.

Judinornis

Judinornis nogontsavensis

"Vertebra."[8]

A hesperornithine.

Saurornithoides

S. junior

Reclassified as Zanabazar junior

Teviornis

Teviornis gobiensis

An anseriform related to modern ducks and geese.

Tochisaurus

Tochisaurus nemegtensis

A metatarsus.[6]

A troodontid.

Zanabazar[9]

Zanabazar junior[4]

"Skull with fragmentary postcranial skeleton."[6]

A troodontid.

Other coelurosaurs

Misc Coelurosaurs reported from the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images

Alioramus[4]

Alioramus remotus[4]

A tyrannosaur, actually present in the Beds of Nogoon Tsav. Nemegt fossils reclassified as A. altai.

Alioramus altai

A tyrannosaur.

Anserimimus

Anserimimus planinychus

"Incomplete postcranium."[10]

An ornithomimid.

Bagaraatan

Bagaraatan ostromi

"Fragmentary skull and associated postcranium."[11]

A coelurosaur or uncertain classification.

Deinocheirus[4]

Deinocheirus mirificus[4]

"Forelimb elements."[10]

A giant ornithomimosaur.

Gallimimus[4]

Gallimimus bullatus[4]

"[Three] nearly complete skeletons, complete postcranium, skull with associated frgamentary postcranium, [and] other fragmentary postcrania."[10]

An ornithomimid.

Mononykus

Mononykus olecranus

An alvarezsaurid.

Tarbosaurus[4]

Tarbosaurus bataar[4]

A tyrannosaur. Articulated skeletons are unusually common here.
May also be present in the Djadochta Formation.

Therizinosaurus[4]

Therizinosaurus cheloniformis[4]

  • Omnogov, Mongolia
  • White Beds of Hermiin Tsav

"Forelimb elements [and a] referred hindlimb."[12]

A therizinosaur.

Invertebrates

Invertebrates of the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Abundance Notes

Nemegtia

An ostracod.

Mammals

Mammals of the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Abundance Notes Images

Buginbaatar

Buginbaatar transaltaiensis

A multituberculate.

Ornithischians

Ornithischians of the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images

Barsboldia

Barsboldia sicinskii

"Sacrum [and] pelvis."[13]

A hadrosaurid.

Homalocephale

Homalocephale calathoceros

A pachycephalosaur.

Prenocephale

P. prenes

"Complete skull with associated partial postcranium."[14]

Saurolophus

Saurolophus angustirostris

"At least [fifteen] specimens, including articulated skull and postcranial skeleton."[13]

A hadrosaurid.

Tarchia

Tarchia gigantea

An ankylosaur, also found in the Barun Goyot Formation.

Sauropods

Sauropods reported from the Nemegt Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic Position Material Notes Images

Nemegtosaurus

Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis

"Skull."[15]

A titanosaur.

Opisthocoelicaudia

Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii

"Skeleton lacking skull and cervical series."[16]

A titanosaur.

References

  1. ^ Sulliban, R.M. (2006). "A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)." Pp. 347-366 in Lucas, S.G. and Sullivan, R.M. (eds.), Late Cretaceous vertebrates from the Western Interior. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 3.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Table 8.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 167.
  3. ^ a b "Table 8.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 166.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Barsbold, R. (1983). "Carnivorous dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Mongolia [in Russian]." Trudy, Sovmestnaâ Sovetsko−Mongol’skaâ paleontologičeskaâ èkspediciâ, 19: 1–120.
  5. ^ "Table 10.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 198.
  6. ^ a b c "Table 9.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 185.
  7. ^ "Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 213.
  8. ^ "Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 215.
  9. ^ Norell, M.A.; Makovicky, P.J., Bever, G.S., Balanoff, A.M., Clark, J.M., Barsbold, R. and Rowe, T. (2009). "A Review of the Mongolian Cretaceous Dinosaur Saurornithoides (Troodontidae: Theropoda)". American Museum Novitates 3654: 63. 
  10. ^ a b c "Table 6.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 138.
  11. ^ "Table 5.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 112.
  12. ^ "Table 7.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 152.
  13. ^ a b "Table 20.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 441.
  14. ^ "Table 21.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 465.
  15. ^ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 263.
  16. ^ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.

See also

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