- Sierra San Pedro Mártir
The Sierra San Pedro Mártir is a
mountain chain that runs north-south along the middle part of the northwestern Mexican state ofBaja California , with its name Spanish for "mountains of SaintPeter the Martyr ". The highest point is Cerro de la Encantada, 3096 m (10,158 ft). Also known asPicacho del Diablo , this is the highest point in the state of Baja California, as well as the entireBaja California Peninsula .The Sierra San Pedro Mártir is one of the
Peninsular Ranges , which run from southernCalifornia to the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. The San Pedro Mártir range has a very similar flora to theSierra Juárez mountains just to the north, and these forests, which are surrounded at lower elevations bychaparral and desert shrub, are known as theSierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests . The flora is distinct from the flora of the rest of Mexico, and shares many species with theLaguna Mountains andSan Jacinto Mountains in southwestCalifornia . Typicalconifer species includeWhite Fir ,Sugar Pine andJeffrey Pine . Snow usually coats the highest peaks of the range during winter.The
Parque Nacional Sierra de San Pedro Mártir was established by presidential decree in 1974, protecting an area of 650 km² (250 square miles). It was the first of two national parks to be established on the Baja California Peninsula. The other is theParque Nacional Constitución de 1857 , in theSierra Juárez mountains to the north.The National Astronomical Observatory is located at an elevation of 2,830 m (9,285 ft). The observatory was built in 1975, and has several large
telescope s, the largest of which is 2.1 m (approximately 82 inches). The observatory takes advantage of the high elevation, along with typically clear skies, low relative humidity, low atmospheric pollution, low light pollution, and low levels of radio interference.Captive-born
California Condor have been re-introduced to the wild in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, the first time they have been seen in the range since 1937.External links
* [http://www.conanp.gob.mx/anp/san_pedro_martir/san_pedro.php Parque Nacional Sierra de San Pedro Mártir official website (Spanish)]
* [http://www.astrossp.unam.mx/indexspm.html National Observatory website (Spanish)]
* [http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/na/na0526.html National Geographic Ecoregion Profile]
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