Debellatio

Debellatio

Debellatio (also debellation) (Latin "defeating, or the act of conquering or subduing", literally "warring (the enemy) down", from Latin bellum "war") designates the end of a war caused by complete destruction of a hostile state.

In some cases debellation ends with a complete dissolution and annexation of the defeated state into the victor's national territory, as happened at the end of the Third Punic War with the defeat of Carthage by Rome in the 2nd century BC.[1]

In practical terms, the end of the American Civil War could be described as debellation, in that the attempt to establish the Confederate States of America as an independent state was completely defeated, and the area and people involved were taken back into the Union. Another case from the same era is Prussia's annexation of the Kingdom of Hannover as a result of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866.

The unconditional surrender of the Third Reich—in the strict sense only the German Armed Forces (Wehrmacht)—at the end of World War II was at the time accepted by most authorities as a case of debellatio as it ended with the complete breakup of the German Reich,[2][3][4][5][6][7] including all offices, and two German states being created in its stead (Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic). Other authorities have argued against that, as most of the territory that made up Germany before the Anschluss was not annexed, and the population still existed, the vestiges of the German state continued to exist even though the Allied Control Council governed the territory; and that eventually a fully sovereign German government resumed over a state that never ceased to exist.[2][8]

See also

References

  1. ^ 2004 Scripps National Spelling Bee Consolidated Word List Page 8
  2. ^ a b Eyal Benvenisti, The international law of occupation, Princeton University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-691-12130-3, pp. 92-95
  3. ^ Breven C. Parsons, (2009), Moving the law of occupation into the twenty-first century, Naval Law Review, published by US Naval Justice School, the pp. 21, 28-30 (PDF page numbers 26, 33-35)
  4. ^ ICRC Commentaries on the Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War Article 5 "The German capitulation was both political, involving the dissolution of the Government, and military, whereas the Japanese capitulation was only military".
  5. ^ United Nations War Crimes Commission, Law reports of trials of war criminals: United Nations War Crimes Commission, Wm. S. Hein, 1997, ISBN 1-57588-403-8. p.13
  6. ^ The human rights dimensions of population (Page 2, paragraph 138) UNHCR web site
  7. ^ Yearbook of the International Law Commission 1993 Volume II Part Two Page 48, paragraph 295 (last paragraph on the page)
  8. ^ Detlef Junker et al. (2004). The United States and Germany in the Era of the Cold War, 1945-1990: A Handbook (Vol 2), Cambridge University Press and (Vol. 2) co-published with German Historical Institute, Washington D.C., ISBN 0-521-79112-X p. 104

Further reading


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  • debellatio — ● debellatio nom féminin (latin debellatio, onis) Conquête territoriale ayant pour seul résultat l anéantissement de l État autrefois souverain sur un territoire et l incorporation de ce territoire dans l État vainqueur …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Debellatio — Mit Debellatio bzw. Debellation (lat.: „vollständige Besiegung, Kriegsbeendigung“; bellum ‚Krieg‘) bezeichnet man das durch vollständige Zerstörung und militärische Niederringung eines feindlichen Staates herbeigeführte Ende eines Krieges. Nach… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • debellatio — n. complete subjection and incorporation in a foreign state; conquered people who dissolved leaving no one to assert their rights as a people; totality of military defeat (esp. by the extinction of functioning government structures) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • debellatio — de·bel·la·tio …   English syllables

  • debellatio — ˌdābəˈläd.ēˌō noun ( s) Etymology: Late Latin, from Latin debellatus + io ion : complete subjugation of a belligerent nation usually involving loss of sovereignty …   Useful english dictionary

  • End of World War II in Europe — The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender took place in late April and early May 1945.urrender timelineThe first units to make contact, thus uniting the western front with its eastern counterpart,… …   Wikipedia

  • Debellation — Mit Debellatio bzw. Debellation (lat.: „Besiegung“; bellum: Krieg) bezeichnet man das durch vollständige Zerstörung und militärische Niederringung eines feindlichen Staates herbeigeführte Ende eines Krieges. Nach traditionellem („klassischem“)… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rechtslage Deutschlands — Die Frage nach Untergang oder Fortbestand und damit der Rechtslage des Deutschen Reiches kam nach der Besetzung Deutschlands durch die alliierten Streitkräfte 1945 auf und wurde noch einmal zum Beitritt der DDR zur Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1990 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rechtslage Deutschlands und damit zusammenhängende Fragen — Die Frage nach Untergang oder Fortbestand und damit der Rechtslage des Deutschen Reiches kam nach der Besetzung Deutschlands durch die alliierten Streitkräfte 1945 auf und wurde noch einmal zum Beitritt der DDR zur Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1990 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Rechtslage des Deutschen Reiches — Die Frage nach Untergang oder Fortbestand und damit der Rechtslage des Deutschen Reiches kam nach der Besetzung Deutschlands durch die alliierten Streitkräfte 1945 auf und wurde noch einmal zum Beitritt der DDR zur Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1990 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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