1874 in science

The year 1874 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy

* On December 9, a transit of Venus across the Sun was observed in Muddapur, India. This astronomy expedition was led by Pietro Tacchini.

Chemistry

*Per Teodor Cleve discovers that didymium is in fact two elements, now known as neodymium and praseodymium

Neuroscience

* Vladimir Alekseyevich Betz describes giant pyramidal cells in the motor cortex, later called Betz cells.

Technology

*Invention of barbed wire by Joseph Glidden

Awards

*Copley Medal: Louis Pasteur
*Wollaston Medal: Oswald Heer

Births

* February 2 - Ernest Shackleton (d. 1922), explorer.
* April 25 - Guglielmo Marconi (d. 1937), inventor.
* November 27 - Chaim Weizmann (d. 1952), chemist, first President of Israel.

Deaths

* January 24 – Johann Philipp Reis (b. 1834), physicist, inventor.
* February 17 - Adolphe Quetelet (b. 1796), mathematician and astronomer
* March 28 - Peter Andreas Hansen (b. 1795), astronomer.


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