Czech Social Democratic Party

Czech Social Democratic Party
Czech Social Democratic Party
Česká strana sociálně demokratická
Leader Bohuslav Sobotka
Founded 1878
Headquarters Lidový dům Hybernská 7, Prague
Youth wing Mladí sociální demokraté (Young Social Democrats)
Ideology Social democracy
Fiscal: Keynesianism[1]
Political position Centre-left
International affiliation Socialist International
European affiliation Party of European Socialists
European Parliament Group Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
Official colours Orange
Chamber of Deputies
56 / 200
Senate
41 / 81
European Parliament
7 / 22
Regional councils
280 / 675
Local councils
4,633 / 62,178
Website
http://www.cssd.cz/
Politics of the Czech Republic
Political parties
Elections

The Czech Social Democratic Party (Czech: Česká strana sociálně demokratická or ČSSD) is a social-democratic political party in the Czech Republic.

Contents

History

The Social Democratic Czechoslavonic party in Austria (Czech: Sociálně Demokratická strana Českoslovanská v Rakousku) was founded on 7 April 1878 in Austria-Hungary representing the Kingdom of Bohemia in the Austrian parliament. Its role in the political life of the empire was one of the factors that lead to the creation of independent Czechoslovak Republic. After the collapse of Austria-Hungary, the party became one of the leading parties of the first Czechoslovak Republic.

During the occupation of Czechoslovakia by the Nazi Germany, the party was officially abolished, but its members organised resistance movements illegally within the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and abroad. After the re-establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1945, the party returned to its pre-existing structure and became a member of the national front. In 1948, after the Communist party assumed the parliamentary majority the Czech Social Democratic Party was abolished along with all other non-communist parties. Under the reformist environment in 1968, there were talks about allowing the recreation of a Social Democratic party, but the Soviet occupation has put an end to such ideas. It was only after the Velvet Revolution in 1989, when the party was recreated. Since the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, ČSSD is one of the leading parties in the Czech Republic.

After the 1998 parliamentary election, the party won the most seats, but failed to form a coalition government. As a result, the party formed a minority government under party leader Miloš Zeman. With only 74 seats out of 200, the government had the confidence and supply from the Civic Democratic Party, under the so-called Opposition Agreement.

The party won the elections of 2002 with 70 of 200 representatives in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic. Its chairman Vladimír Špidla became the prime minister heading a coalition with two smaller parties, the Christian Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party and the Freedom Union-Democratic Union until his resignation in 2004.

The current chairman of the party is Jiří Paroubek since 2006. His predecessor was Stanislav Gross from 26 June 2004 to 26 April 2005. Gross resigned after a scandal which arose due to his inability to explain the source of financial resources used to pay for his home. Gross's predecessor Vladimír Špidla was forced to resign in 2004 after the ČSSD lost in European Parliamentary elections.

In the June 2 and 3, 2006 elections, the party won 32.3% of the vote and 74 out of 200 seats. The election at first caused a stalemate since the right-wing parties (with Green Party) and left-wing parties each had 100 seats. The stalemate was broken when two ČSSD deputies, Miloš Melčák and Michal Pohanka abstained during a vote of confidence, allowing a coalition of the Civic Democrats (ODS), the Christian Democrats (KDU-ČSL), and the Green Party (SZ) to form a government. Hence the ČSSD is now in opposition.

Overview

Czech lands as part of Austria-Hungary:

  • 1878–1893 The Czechoslavonic Social Democratic Party in Austria (Sociálně-demokratická strana českoslovanská v Rakousku) – part of Social Democratic Party of Austria
  • 1893–1918 The Czechoslavonic Social Democratic Workers' Party (Českoslovanská sociálně demokratická stranu dělnická) – independent party

Czechoslovakia:

  • 1918–1938 The Czechoslovak Social Democratic Worker's Party (Československá sociálně demokratická strana dělnická) – merged with Slovak Social Democrats. The party was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1923 and 1938.[2] After the splitup of Austria-Hungary, the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers Party in the Republic of Austria split from the main party.
  • 1938–1941 The National Labor Party (Národní strana práce) – united left party of Social Democrats and part of Czech National Social Party
  • 1945–1948 Czechoslovak Social Democracy (Československá sociální demokracie)
  • 1948–1989 – merged with the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, concurrently existed as an exile party with its headquarters in London
  • 1990–1993 Czechoslovak Social Democracy (Československá sociální demokracie)

Czech Republic:

  • since 1993 Czech Social Democratic Party (Česká strana sociálně demokratická)

Election results

National Assembly of the Czechoslovak republic

Election Votes Share of votes in % Seats gained
1920
1 590 520
25.7
74
1925
632 403
8.9
29
1929
963 462
13
39
1935
1 032 773
12.6
38
1946
855 771
12
37

Czech National council/Chamber of deputies of the Czech republic

Election Votes Share of votes in % Seats gained Place In government
1990
296 165
4.1
0
6th
No
1992
422 736increase
6.53increase
16increase
3rd increase
No
1996
1 602 250increase
26.4increase
61increase
2nd increase
No
1998
1 928 660increase
32.31increase
74increase
1stincrease
Yes
2002
1 440 279 decrease
30.2decrease
70decrease
1st
Yes
2006
1 728 827increase
32.32increase
74increase
2nddecrease
No
2010
1 155 267decrease
22.08decrease
56decrease
1stincrease
No

Results by regions

Region 1990 1992 1996 1998 2002 2006 2010
Prague 4,65 5,14 18,68 23,44 25,85 23,29 15,17
Central Bohemian 4,83 6,82 25,40 32,70 31,58 30,74 20,52
South Bohemian 3,94 8,03 24,95 31,11 30,33 30,47 20,55
West Bohemian 5,89 8,78 25,71 32,73
Plzeň 30,34 31,69 22,01
Karlovy Vary 29,31 32,73 23,29
North Bohemian 6,92 7,97 28,74 34,71
Ústí nad Labem 29,18 35,46 24,93
Liberec 27,05 29,31 19,40
East Bohemian 5,26 7,20 24,78 29,94
Hradec Králové 27,48 30,14 19,87
Pardubice 29,45 32,95 21,95
Vysočina 31,97 35,35 23,43
South Moravian 1,51 4,56 24,96 31,81 29,90 32,95 23,35
North Moravian 2,87 4,56 34,21 38,98
Olomouc 31,92 35,44 24,47
Zlín 29,06 33,28 21,93
Moravian-Silesian 36,13 40,54 29,13
Czech republic 4,11 6,53 26,44 32,31 30,20 32,32 22,08

Senate election

1996 whole Senate elected (81 seats), in next elections only one third of seats to be contested

Election
Seats gained
1996
25
1998
3
2000
1
2002
7
2004
0
2006
6
2007
1
2008
23
2010
12
2011
1

European parliament election

Election Votes Share of votes in % Seats gained
2004
204 903
8.78
2
2009
528 132
22.39
7

Regional election

Election
Votes Share of votes in % Councillors
2000
344 441
14.67
112
2004
297 083
14.03
105
2008
1 044 719
35.86
280

Local election

Election
Share of votes in % Councillors
1994
8.7
1998
17.54
2002
15.57
4 664
2006
16.61
4 331
2010
19.68
4 584

Chairmen of the Czech Social Democratic Party

Czechoslavonic Social Democratic Workers' Party

Czechoslovak Social Democratic Worker's Party

  • Antonín Němec (1917–1925)
  • Antonín Hampl (1925–1938)

Czechoslovak Social Democracy

Czechoslovak Social Democracy in exile

  • Blažej Vilím (1948)
  • Václav Majer (1948–1972)
  • Vilém Bernard (1972–1989)
  • Karel Hrubý

Czechoslovak Social Democracy

Czech Social Democratic Party

See also

References

  1. ^ "Long-term party program". http://www.volbycr.cz/download/Dlouhodoby-program.pdf. 
  2. ^ Kowalski, Werner. Geschichte der sozialistischen Arbeiter-Internationale: 1923 – 1938, Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. p. 327.

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