Brockenhurst

infobox UK place
country = England
latitude= 50.82
longitude= -1.58
official_name= Brockenhurst
shire_district= New Forest
shire_county= Hampshire
region= South East England
constituency_westminster= New Forest East
post_town= BROCKENHURST
postcode_district = SO42
postcode_area= SO
dial_code= 01590
os_grid_reference= SU300022

Brockenhurst is a village situated in the New Forest, Hampshire, England. The New Forest is a national park and Brockenhurst is therefore surrounded by woodland that attracts thousands of visitors all year around. The nearby towns surrounding Brockenhurst are Lymington and Lyndhurst.

Brockenhurst Heritage Line

Brockenhurst railway station is near the junction where a branch line to Lymington connects to the mainline from Weymouth and Bournemouth to Southampton and London Waterloo with train services operated by South West Trains. The "Lymington Flyer" services connect with the ferry to Yarmouth on the Isle of Wight. The branch line is a Heritage line running the last remaining slam-door rolling stock, just as in 1967 it was the last standard-gauge branch line in the south of England to run a steam service.Fact|date=August 2007

History

The earliest signs of habitation in Brockenhurst date back 4,000 years to the Bronze Age: the area is dotted with burial mounds - called tumuli. Beyond that, few signs remain of other habitation during the next 3,000 years, when the Saxon period was brought to an end by the events of 1066.

William the Conqueror created his Nova Forest in 1079, a vast hunting area lying south and west of his capital at Winchester; it stretched south to the coast at Barton on Sea and west to what is now Bournemouth. Four years later, the Domesday Book recorded that there were four small Saxon manors in the Brockenhurst area, "Mapleham", and "Hinchelsea". "Mapleham" no longer exists, but the name "Hinchelsea" continues to the west of Brockenhurst. The third manor, "Brochelie", gives the modern name, Brookley, and was the most important, having a regular weekly market and an annual fair, lasting several days. At that time, forest rights did not exist. However, Brochelie had the right to graze sheep on the open forest, but only between Wilverley and what is now Rhinefield Road.

The manor house of "Brochelie" lay between the modern Brookley Road and The Rise and between the Watersplash Hotel and St Saviour's Church. The fourth Saxon manor of the area was "Broceste" - pronounced Brockerste - which gives the village its name.

St Nicholas' Church, at that time, was no more than an outlying chapel linked to Twynham - later Christchurch Priory. William Rufus visited Brockenhurst, worshipping in St Nicholas' church, as at least two writs were issued by him from here.

In 1348, all mention of "Brochelie" ceases. During this time the Black Death killed a third of the population of England, which would be a good explanation.

By the eighteenth century, nearby Lymington was a thriving town, due to the manufacture of salt from sea water. By the end of the 1700s, the Lymington road had become a turnpike and a regular route for the mail coaches from Lyndhurst and the north. During this time, Brockenhurst grew in size, with dwellings and inns strung along the main road.

In 1745, Henry Thurston, a local man who left to make his fortune in London, died, leaving a bequest to set up a school in the village. This was located at the corner of what is now Mill Lane.

In 1770, Edward Morant, using some of the vast wealth that flowed from the family estates in Jamaica, purchased Brokenhurst House - an Elizabethan farmhouse - for £6,400. He rebuilt it as a large Georgian mansion, laid out the avenues in the grounds and acquired adjacent land, eventually peaking at some 3,000 acres (12 km²).

In the 19th century the railway station was introduced to Brockenhurst increasing a large number of holiday visitors and the local population.

In the First World War, Brockenhurst was a convalescence centre for wounded troops, particularly from India and New Zealand. The name Meerut Road recalls the Indian troops who fought in the war. Hospitals were established in Balmer Lawn and Forest Park.

In the Second World War, what is now The Balmer Lawn Hotel was the location of many of Generals Montgomery and Eisenhower's meetings, away from their headquarters in Southsea, as they planned the D-Day Landings.

Many an ancient oak tree in Brockenhurst would have hidden an American jeep or Sherman tank in 1944, as they gathered to do battle in Normandy.

The western part of the village greatly expanded in the 1970s and, in the early 1990s, Berkeley Homes built Ober Park - now known as The Coppice. More construction of the village still continues today by Penny Farthing & Son.

Twinning

Brockenhurst is twinned with Pont St Martin [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont-Saint-Martin] , in Loire-Atlantique, France.

Things of Interest

*Heritage line - Lymington Flyer

*Brockenhurst College

*St. Nicholas' Church

*New Forest Show

*Brockenhurst railway station

External links

* [http://www.nfdc.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=504 Parish Council]
* [http://www.brockenhurst-newforest.org.uk/ Village website]
* [http://www.brockenhurst-primary.hants.sch.uk/ Brockenhurst Church of England (Controlled) Primary School]
* [http://www.brock.ac.uk/ Brockenhurst College]
* [http://www.strollingguides.co.uk/books/newForest/places/3002-Brockenhurst.php Photographs and Information from Strolling Guides]
* [http://nal.gov.au/nla.pic-vn3312596 Rex Nan Kivell Collection of negatives ca 1917-19 held in Pictures Catalogue, National Library of Australia, Canberra]
* [http://www.thenewforest.net New Forest Community Media] - A not-for-profit media site serving the National Park
*gbmapping|SU300022