37th United States Congress - political parties

The Thirty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1861 to March 3 1863, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1850. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

This article supplements the main article with a list of the members by political party.

:"See also: 37th United States Congress - State Delegations":"See also: United States House election, 1860"

The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Dates of sessions

March 4 1861 - March 3 1863
*Special session of the Senate: March 4 1861 – March 28 1861
*First session: July 4 1861 – August 6 1861
*Second session: December 2 1861 - July 17 1862
*Third session: December 1 1862 - March 3 1863 — a lame duck sessionPrevious congress: 36th Congress
Next congress: 38th Congress

Party summary

enate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

=Democratic=

:A-F
* James A. Bayard, Jr. (1799-1880), "Delaware"
* Thomas Bragg (1810-1872), "North Carolina" ...withdrew March 8 1861, state having seceded.
* John C. Breckinridge (1821-1875), "Kentucky" ...expelled by resolution of December 4 1861.
* Jesse D. Bright (1812-1875), "Indiana" ...expelled February 5 1862.
* James Chesnut, Jr. (1815-1885), "South Carolina" ...expelled by resolution, July 11 1861, state having seceded.
* Thomas L. Clingman (1812-1897), "North Carolina" ...withdrew March 11 1861, state having seceded.
* Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861), "Illinois" ...died June 3 1861.:G-L
* Benjamin F. Harding (1823-1899), "Oregon" ...elected to fill vacancy, September 12 1862.
* John Hemphill (1803-1862), "Texas" ...expelled by resolution of July 11 1861, state having seceded.
* Robert M. T. Hunter (1809-1887), "Virginia" ...withdrew March 28 1861, state having seceded.
* Andrew Johnson (1808-1875), "Tennessee" ...resigned March 4 1862.
* Waldo Porter Johnson (1817-1885), "Missouri" ...expelled by resolution of January 10 1862.
* Milton S. Latham (1827-1882), "California" :M-R
* James M. Mason (1798-1871), "Virginia" ...withdrew March 28 1861, state having seceded.
* James A. McDougall (1817-1867), "California"
* Charles B. Mitchel (1815-1864), "Arkansas" ...expelled by resolution of July 11 1861, state having seceded.
* James W. Nesmith (1820-1885), "Oregon"
* Alfred O. P. Nicholson (1808-1876), "Tennessee" ...expelled by resolution of July 11 1861, state having seceded.
* James A. Pearce (1805-1862), "Maryland" ...died December 20 1862.
* Trusten Polk (1811-1876), "Missouri" ...expelled by resolution of January 10 1862.
* Lazarus W. Powell (1812-1867), "Kentucky"
* Henry M. Rice (1816-1894), "Minnesota"
* William A. Richardson (1811-1875), "Illinois" ...elected to fill vacancy, January 12 1863.:S-Z
* Willard Saulsbury, Sr. (1820-1892), "Delaware"
* William K. Sebastian (1812-1865), "Arkansas" ...expelled by resolution of July 11 1861, state having seceded.
* Benjamin Stark (1820-1898), "Oregon" ...appointed to fill vacancy, seated February 27 1862.
* John R. Thomson (1800-1862), "New Jersey" ...died September 12 1862.
* David Turpie (1828-1909), "Indiana" ...elected to fill vacancy, January 14 1863.
* James W. Wall (1820-1872), "New Jersey" ...elected to fill vacancy, January 14 1863.
* Louis T. Wigfall (1816-1874), "Texas" ...expelled by resolution of July 11 1861, state having seceded.

=Republican=

:A-F
* Henry B. Anthony (1815-1884), "Rhode Island"
* Samuel G. Arnold (1821-1880), "Rhode Island" ...elected to fill vacancy, September 5 1862.
* Edward D. Baker (1811-1861), "Oregon" ...died October 21 1861.
* Kinsley S. Bingham (1808-1861), "Michigan" ...died October 5 1861.
* Orville H. Browning (1806-1881), "Illinois" ...appointed to fill vacancy, June 26 1861.
* Simon Cameron (1799-1889), "Pennsylvania" ...resigned March 4 1861.
* Zachariah Chandler (1813-1879), "Michigan"
* Salmon P. Chase (1808-1873), "Ohio" ...resigned March 6 1861.
* Daniel Clark (1809-1891), "New Hampshire"
* Jacob Collamer (1791-1865), "Vermont"
* Edgar Cowan (1815-1885), "Pennsylvania"
* James Dixon (1814-1873), "Connecticut"
* James R. Doolittle (1815-1897), "Wisconsin"
* William Pitt Fessenden (1806-1869), "Maine"
* Richard S. Field (1803-1870), "New Jersey" ...appointed to fill vacancy, November 21 1862.
* Solomon Foot (1802-1866), "Vermont"
* La Fayette S. Foster (1806-1880), "Connecticut" :G-L
* James W. Grimes (1816-1872), "Iowa"
* John P. Hale (1806-1873), "New Hampshire"
* James Harlan (1820-1899), "Iowa"
* Ira Harris (1802-1875), "New York"
* Jacob M. Howard (1805-1871), "Michigan" ...elected to fill vacancy, January 4 1862.
* Timothy O. Howe (1816-1883), "Wisconsin"
* Preston King (1806-1865), "New York"
* Henry S. Lane (1811-1881), "Indiana"
* James H. Lane (1814-1866), "Kansas" ...newly admitted state, elected April 4 1861.:M-R
* Lot M. Morrill (1813-1883), "Maine"
* Samuel C. Pomeroy (1816-1891), "Kansas" ...newly admitted state, elected April 4 1861.:S-Z
* John Sherman (1823-1900), "Ohio" ...elected to fill vacancy, March 21 1861.
* James F. Simmons (1795-1864), "Rhode Island" ...resigned August 15 1862.
* Charles Sumner (1811-1874), "Massachusetts"
* John C. Ten Eyck (1814-1879), "New Jersey"
* Lyman Trumbull (1813-1896), "Illinois"
* Benjamin F. Wade (1800-1878), "Ohio"
* Morton S. Wilkinson (1819-1894), "Minnesota"
* David Wilmot (1814-1868), "Pennsylvania" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated March 18 1861.
* Henry Wilson (1812-1875), "Massachusetts"

Unionist

:A-Z
* John S. Carlile (1817-1878), "Virginia" ...elected to fill vacancy, July 9 1861.
* Garrett Davis (1801-1872), "Kentucky" ...elected to fill vacancy, December 10 1861.
* John B. Henderson (1826-1913), "Missouri" ...appointed to fill vacancy, January 17 1862.
* Thomas H. Hicks (1798-1865), "Maryland" ...appointed to fill vacancy, December 29 1862.
* Anthony Kennedy (1810-1892), "Maryland"
* Waitman T. Willey (1811-1900), "Virginia" ...elected to fill vacancy, July 9 1861.
* Robert Wilson (1803-1870), "Missouri" ...appointed to fill vacancy, January 17 1862.
* Joseph A. Wright (1810-1867), "Indiana" ...appointed to fill vacancy, February 24 1862.

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

=Democratic=

:A-B-C
* William Allen (1827-1881), "Ohio"
* William J. Allen (1829-1901), "Illinois" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 2 1862.
* Sydenham E. Ancona (1824-1913), "Pennsylvania"
* Joseph Bailey (1810-1885), "Pennsylvania"
* Charles J. Biddle (1819-1873), "Pennsylvania" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* Henry C. Burnett (1825-1866), "Kentucky" ...expelled by resolution of December 3 1861.
* John B. Clark (1802-1885), "Missouri" ...expelled by resolution of July 13 1861.
* George T. Cobb (1813-1870), "New Jersey"
* Thomas B. Cooper (1823-1862), "Pennsylvania" ...died April 4 1862.
* Erastus Corning (1794-1872), "New York"
* Samuel S. Cox (1824-1889), "Ohio"
* James A. Cravens (1818-1893), "Indiana" :D-E-F
* Isaac C. Delaplaine (1817-1866), "New York"
* James E. English (1812-1890), "Connecticut"
* Philip B. Fouke (1818-1876), "Illinois" :G-H-I
* Edward Haight (1817-1885), "New York"
* William A. Hall (1815-1888), "Missouri" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated January 20 1862.
* William S. Holman (1822-1897), "Indiana" :J-K-L
* Philip Johnson (1818-1867), "Pennsylvania"
* Anthony L. Knapp (1828-1881), "Illinois" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 12 1861.
* John Law (1796-1873), "Indiana"
* Jesse Lazear (1804-1877), "Pennsylvania"
* William E. Lehman (1821-1895), "Pennsylvania"
* John A. Logan (1826-1886), "Illinois" ...resigned April 2 1862.:M-N-O
* John A. McClernand (1812-1900), "Illinois" ...resigned October 28 1861.
* James R. Morris (1819-1899), "Ohio"
* Warren P. Noble (1820-1903), "Ohio"
* John W. Noell (1816-1863), "Missouri"
* Elijah H. Norton (1821-1914), "Missouri"
* Robert H. Nugen (1809-1872), "Ohio"
* Moses F. Odell (1818-1866), "New York" :P-Q-R
* George H. Pendleton (1825-1889), "Ohio"
* Nehemiah Perry (1816-1881), "New Jersey"
* John S. Phelps (1814-1886), "Missouri"
* Thomas L. Price (1809-1870), "Missouri" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated January 21 1862.
* John W. Reid (1821-1881), "Missouri" ...expelled by resolution of December 2 1861.
* James C. Robinson (1823-1886), "Illinois" :S-T-U-V
* George K. Shiel (1825-1893), "Oregon" ...contested election, seated July 30 1861.
* Edward H. Smith (1809-1885), "New York"
* John B. Steele (1814-1866), "New York"
* William G. Steele (1820-1892), "New Jersey"
* John D. Stiles (1822-1896), "Pennsylvania" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 3 1862.
* Andrew J. Thayer (1818-1873), "Oregon" ...contested election, served until July 30 1861.
* Clement L. Vallandigham (1820-1871), "Ohio"
* Chauncey Vibbard (1811-1891), "New York"
* Daniel W. Voorhees (1827-1897), "Indiana" :W-X-Y-Z
* Elijah Ward (1816-1882), "New York"
* Chilton A. White (1826-1900), "Ohio"
* Benjamin Wood (1820-1900), "New York"
* George C. Woodruff (1805-1885), "Connecticut"
* Hendrick B. Wright (1808-1881), "Pennsylvania" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated July 4 1861.

=Republican=

:A-B-C
* Charles F. Adams, Sr. (1807-1886), "Massachusetts" ...resigned May 1 1861, before Congress assembled.
* Cyrus Aldrich (1808-1871), "Minnesota"
* John B. Alley (1817-1896), "Massachusetts"
* Isaac N. Arnold (1815-1884), "Illinois"
* James M. Ashley (1824-1896), "Ohio"
* Elijah Babbitt (1795-1887), "Pennsylvania"
* Goldsmith F. Bailey (1823-1862), "Massachusetts" ...died May 8 1862.
* Stephen Baker (1819-1875), "New York"
* Portus Baxter (1806-1868), "Vermont"
* Fernando C. Beaman (1814-1882), "Michigan"
* John A. Bingham (1815-1900), "Ohio"
* Francis P. Blair, Jr. (1821-1875), "Missouri" ...resigned July 1862.
* Samuel S. Blair (1821-1890), "Pennsylvania"
* Harrison G. O. Blake (1818-1876), "Ohio"
* James Buffinton (1817-1875), "Massachusetts"
* Alfred A. Burnham (1819-1879), "Connecticut"
* James H. Campbell (1820-1895), "Pennsylvania"
* Jacob P. Chamberlain (1802-1878), "New York"
* Ambrose W. Clark (1810-1887), "New York"
* Schuyler Colfax (1823-1885), "Indiana"
* Frederick A. Conkling (1816-1891), "New York"
* Roscoe Conkling (1829-1888), "New York"
* Martin F. Conway (1827-1882), "Kansas"
* Thomas Corwin (1794-1865), "Ohio" ...resigned March 12 1861, before Congress assembled.
* John Covode (1808-1871), "Pennsylvania"
* Samuel R. Curtis (1805-1866), "Iowa" ...resigned August 4 1861.
* William P. Cutler (1812-1889), "Ohio" :D-E-F
* William Morris Davis (1815-1891), "Pennsylvania"
* Henry L. Dawes (1816-1903), "Massachusetts"
* Charles Delano (1820-1883), "Massachusetts"
* Alexander S. Diven (1809-1896), "New York"
* R. Holland Duell (1824-1891), "New York"
* William McKee Dunn (1814-1887), "Indiana"
* Sidney Edgerton (1818-1900), "Ohio"
* Thomas M. Edwards (1795-1875), "New Hampshire"
* Thomas D. Eliot (1808-1870), "Massachusetts"
* Alfred Ely (1815-1892), "New York"
* Reuben E. Fenton (1819-1885), "New York"
* Samuel C. Fessenden (1815-1882), "Maine"
* Thomas A. D. Fessenden (1826-1868), "Maine" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1862.
* Richard Franchot (1816-1875), "New York"
* Augustus Frank (1826-1895), "New York" :G-H-I
* Daniel W. Gooch (1820-1891), "Massachusetts"
* John N. Goodwin (1824-1887), "Maine"
* Bradley F. Granger (1825-1882), "Michigan"
* Galusha A. Grow (1823-1907), "Pennsylvania"
* John A. Gurley (1813-1863), "Ohio"
* James T. Hale (1810-1865), "Pennsylvania"
* Luther Hanchett (1825-1862), "Wisconsin" ...died November 24 1862
* John Hickman (1810-1875), "Pennsylvania"
* Samuel Hooper (1808-1875), "Massachusetts" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* Valentine B. Horton (1802-1888), "Ohio"
* John Hutchins (1812-1891), "Ohio" :J-K-L
* George W. Julian (1817-1899), "Indiana"
* William D. Kelley (1814-1890), "Pennsylvania"
* Francis W. Kellogg (1810-1879), "Michigan"
* William Kellogg (1814-1872), "Illinois"
* John W. Killinger (1824-1896), "Pennsylvania"
* William E. Lansing (1821-1883), "New York"
* Dwight Loomis (1821-1903), "Connecticut"
* Owen Lovejoy (1811-1864), "Illinois"
* Frederick F. Low (1828-1894), "California" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 3 1862.:M-N-O
* Gilman Marston (1811-1890), "New Hampshire"
* Walter D. McIndoe (1819-1872), "Wisconsin" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated January 26 1863.
* James B. McKean (1821-1879), "New York"
* Robert McKnight (1820-1885), "Pennsylvania"
* Edward McPherson (1830-1895), "Pennsylvania"
* William Mitchell (1807-1865), "Indiana"
* James K. Moorhead (1806-1884), "Pennsylvania"
* Anson P. Morrill (1803-1887), "Maine"
* Justin S. Morrill (1810-1898), "Vermont"
* Edward Joy Morris (1815-1881), "Pennsylvania" ...resigned June 8 1861, before Congress assembled.
* John T. Nixon (1820-1889), "New Jersey"
* Abram B. Olin (1808-1879), "New York" :P-Q-R
* John Patton (1823-1897), "Pennsylvania"
* Timothy G. Phelps (1824-1899), "California" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* Frederick A. Pike (1816-1886), "Maine"
* Theodore M. Pomeroy (1824-1905), "New York"
* Albert G. Porter (1824-1897), "Indiana"
* John F. Potter (1817-1899), "Wisconsin"
* Alexander H. Rice (1818-1895), "Massachusetts"
* John H. Rice (1816-1911), "Maine"
* Albert G. Riddle (1816-1902), "Ohio"
* Edward H. Rollins (1824-1889), "New Hampshire" :S-T-U-V
* Aaron A. Sargent (1827-1887), "California" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* Charles B. Sedgwick (1815-1883), "New York"
* John P. C. Shanks (1826-1901), "Indiana"
* Samuel Shellabarger (1817-1896), "Ohio"
* John Sherman (1823-1900), "Ohio" ...resigned March 21 1861, before Congress assembled.
* Socrates N. Sherman (1801-1873), "New York"
* A. Scott Sloan (1820-1895), "Wisconsin"
* George W. Scranton (1811-1861), "Pennsylvania" ...died March 24 1861, before Congress assembled.
* Elbridge G. Spaulding (1809-1897), "New York"
* Thaddeus Stevens (1792-1868), "Pennsylvania"
* John L. N. Stratton (1817-1889), "New Jersey"
* Charles R. Train (1817-1885), "Massachusetts"
* Carey A. Trimble (1813-1887), "Ohio"
* Rowland E. Trowbridge (1821-1881), "Michigan"
* Burt Van Horn (1823-1896), "New York"
* Robert B. Van Valkenburg (1821-1888), "New York"
* Charles H. Van Wyck (1824-1895), "New York"
* William Vandever (1817-1893), "Iowa" ...contested election, served until September 24 1861, seat declared vacant.
* John P. Verree (1817-1889), "Pennsylvania" :W-X-Y-Z
* Amasa Walker (1799-1875), "Massachusetts" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1862.
* William Wall (1800-1872), "New York"
* John W. Wallace (1818-1889), "Pennsylvania"
* Charles W. Walton (1819-1900), "Maine" ...resigned May 26 1862.
* Eliakim P. Walton (1812-1890), "Vermont"
* Elihu B. Washburne (1816-1887), "Illinois"
* William A. Wheeler (1819-1887), "New York"
* Albert S. White (1803-1864), "Indiana"
* James F. Wilson (1828-1895), "Iowa" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* William Windom (1827-1891), "Minnesota"
* Samuel T. Worcester (1804-1882), "Ohio" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated July 4 1861.

=Constitutional Unionist=

* William Appleton (1786-1862), "Massachusetts" ...resigned September 27 1861.
* James S. Rollins (1812-1888), "Missouri"

=Independent Democratic=

* James E. Kerrigan (1828-1899), "New York"

Union

* George H. Browne (1811-1885), "Rhode Island"
* William P. Sheffield (1820-1907), "Rhode Island"

Unionist

:A-F
* Jacob B. Blair (1821-1901), "Virginia" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2 1861.
* George W. Bridges (1825-1873), "Tennessee" ...special election, seated February 25 1863.
* William G. Brown, Sr. (1800-1884), "Virginia"
* Charles B. Calvert (1808-1864), "Maryland"
* John S. Carlile (1817-1878), "Virginia" ...resigned July 9 1861.
* Samuel L. Casey (1821-1902), "Kentucky" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated March 10 1862.
* Andrew J. Clements (1832-1913), "Tennessee" ...special election, seated January 13 1862.
* John W. Crisfield (1806-1897), "Maryland"
* John J. Crittenden (1786-1863), "Kentucky"
* George W. Dunlap (1813-1880), "Kentucky"
* George P. Fisher (1817-1899), "Delaware"
* Benjamin F. Flanders (1816-1896), "Louisiana" ...credentials accepted, seated February 23 1863.:G-L
* Henry Grider (1796-1866), "Kentucky"
* Michael Hahn (1830-1886), "Louisiana" ...credentials accepted, seated February 17 1863.
* Aaron Harding (1805-1875), "Kentucky"
* Richard A. Harrison (1824-1904), "Ohio" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated July 4 1861.
* James S. Jackson (1823-1862), "Kentucky" ...resigned December 13 1861.
* Cornelius L. L. Leary (1813-1893), "Maryland" :M-R
* Robert Mallory (1815-1885), "Kentucky"
* Henry May (1816-1866), "Maryland"
* Horace Maynard (1814-1882), "Tennessee" ...special election, seated December 2 1861.
* Lewis McKenzie (1810-1895), "Virginia" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 16 1863.
* John W. Menzies (1819-1897), "Kentucky" :S-Z
* Joseph E. Segar (1804-1880), "Virginia" ...special election, seated May 6 1862.
* Benjamin F. Thomas (1813-1878), "Massachusetts" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated July 4 1861.
* Francis Thomas (1799-1876), "Maryland"
* Charles H. Upton (1812-1877), "Virginia" ...contested election, served until February 27 1862.
* William H. Wadsworth (1821-1893), "Kentucky"
* Edwin H. Webster (1829-1893), "Maryland"
* Kellian V. Whaley (1821-1876), "Virginia"
* Charles A. Wickliffe (1788-1869), "Kentucky"
* George H. Yeaman (1829-1908), "Kentucky" ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1862.

References

*cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =
*cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =

External links

* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsllink.html Statutes at Large, 1789-1875]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsjlink.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhjlink.html#anchor2 House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
* [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress]
* [http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History]
* [http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists]