Otto Stern

Otto Stern
Otto Stern was also the penname of German women's rights activist Louise Otto-Peters (1819-1895)
Otto Stern

Born 17 February 1888(1888-02-17)
Sohrau, Kingdom of Prussia
Died 17 August 1969(1969-08-17) (aged 81)
Berkeley, California, USA
Nationality Germany
Fields Physics
Institutions University of Rostock
University of Hamburg
Carnegie Institute of Technology
University of California, Berkeley
Alma mater University of Breslau
University of Frankfurt
Known for Stern-Gerlach experiment
Spin quantization
Molecular ray method
Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physics (1943)

Otto Stern (17 February 1888 – 17 August 1969) was a German physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.

Contents

Biography

Stern was born in Sohrau, now Żory in the German Empire's Kingdom of Prussia (now in Poland) and studied at Breslau, now Wrocław in Lower Silesia.

Stern completed his studies at the University of Breslau in 1912 with a doctor's degree in physical chemistry. He then followed Albert Einstein to Charles University in Prague and in later to ETH Zurich. Stern received his Habilitation at the University of Frankfurt in 1915 and in 1921, he became a professor at the University of Rostock, which he left in 1923 to work at the newly founded Institut für Physikalische Chemie at the University of Hamburg.

Plaque on the wall of what are now the physics institutes of Hamburg University, commemorating Stern's tenure

After resigning from his post at the University of Hamburg in 1933 because of the Nazis' Machtergreifung (seizure of power), he became professor of physics at the Carnegie Institute of Technology and later professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley.

As an experimental physicist Stern contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the Stern-Gerlach experiment with Walther Gerlach in 1922;[1][2] demonstration of the wave nature of atoms and molecules; measurement of atomic magnetic moments; discovery of the proton's magnetic moment; and development of the molecular ray method which is utilized for the technique of molecular beam epitaxy.

He was awarded the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physics, the first to be awarded since 1939. He was the sole recipient in Physics that year, and the award citation omitted mention of the Stern-Gerlach experiment, as Gerlach had remained active in Nazi-led Germany.

References

  1. ^ Walther Gerlach & Otto Stern, "Das magnetische Moment des Silberatoms", Zeitschrift für Physik, V9, N1, pp. 353-355 (1922).
  2. ^ Friedrich, Bretislav; Herschbach Dudley (December 2003). "Stern and Gerlach: How a Bad Cigar Helped Reorient Atomic Physics". Physics Today. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. http://web.archive.org/web/20070929091315/http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-56/iss-12/p53.html. Retrieved 2007-10-07. 

See also

  • List of German inventors and discoverers

External links


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  • Otto Stern — ist der Name folgender Personen: Otto Stern, Psyeudonym von Louise Otto Peters (1819–1895), deutsche Schriftstellerin Otto Stern (Physiker) (1888–1969), deutsch amerikanischer Physiker Otto Stern (Schauspieler) (1921–1996), Schweizer Schauspieler …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Otto Stern — (n. Sohrau, 17 de febrero de 1888 † Berkeley, 17 de agosto de 1969). Físico alemán, nacionalizado estadounidense. Estudió en la Universidad de Breslau, siendo, posteriormente, profesor en la Escuela Técnica de Zurich, en la Universidad de… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Otto Stern — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Stern. Otto Stern Otto Stern dans les années 1940 Naissance 17 févr …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Otto Stern — Placa conmemorativa de Otto Stern en la Universidad de Hamburgo. Otto Stern (n. Sohrau, 17 de febrero de 1888 † Berkeley, 17 de agosto de 1969). Físico alemán, nacionalizado estadounidense. Estudió en la Universidad de Breslau, siendo,… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Otto Stern (Schauspieler) — Otto Stern (* 14. Dezember 1921 in Basel, Schweiz; † 5. Juli 1996 in München, Deutschland) war ein deutschsprachiger Schauspieler und Synchronsprecher. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Filme (Auswahl) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Otto Stern School for Integrated Doctoral Education — Established 2006 Location …   Wikipedia

  • Otto Stern (Physiker) — Portraitfoto von Otto Stern Otto Stern (* 17. Februar 1888 in Sohrau, Oberschlesien; † 17. August 1969 in Berkeley) war ein deutscher, später in die USA emigrierter Physiker. 1906 begann er das Studium der physikalischen Chemie und erhielt 191 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Otto Stern School for Integrated Doctoral Education — Vorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Träger fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Studenten fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Mitarbeiter fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Professoren fehlt Otto Stern School for Integrated Doctoral Education …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Physiknobelpreis 1943: Otto Stern —   Der deutschstämmige Amerikaner wurde für »seinen Beitrag zur Entwicklung der Molekularstrahlmethode und für seine Entdeckung des magnetischen Moments des Protons« ausgezeichnet.    Biografie   Otto Stern, * Sorau (Niederschlesien) 17. 2. 1888,… …   Universal-Lexikon

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