- Pacific giant salamander
-
Pacific Giant Salamanders 
Dicamptodon tenebrosus Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Amphibia Order: Caudata Suborder: Salamandroidea Family: Dicamptodontidae Genus: Dicamptodon Species 4 extant species, see text.
Pacific giant salamanders (Dicamptodontidae) are a family of large salamanders.
The family includes only a single genus, Dicamptodon. The genus was formerly thought to contain two species, Cope's Giant Salamander (D. copei) on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, and the Pacific giant salamander (D. ensatus) which consisted of three geographic populations, an Idaho isolate, a group in northern California and a group in Oregon and Washington.[1] In 1989 genetic studies showed D. copei to be a distinct subspecies, and the D. ensatus populations to consist of three subspecies: the Idaho Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon aterrimus) in Idaho, and two highly divergent species with a narrow hybrid zone in California, the Coastal Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) (ranging from northern California to Washington) and the California Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus) (limited only from Santa Cruz County to Mendocino County in California).[2]
Specimens are up to 30 cm (12 in) long, and are found in the Western USA and South Western British Columbia. Except for their size, they are similar to the mole salamander family (Ambystomatidae) in which they were originally included.[3]
While most salamanders are silent, the Pacific giant salamander is one of several salamanders that have vocal abilities. When startled, the salamander may respond with a croaky sounding cry similar to that of a barking dog. Members of this family can either be terrestrial or aquatic when adults.
Taxonomy
Dicamptodon tenebrosus
- Genus Dicamptodon
- Idaho Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon aterrimus)
- Cope's Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon copei)
- California Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus)
- Coastal Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus)
References
- ^ Ronald A. Nussbaum. "Geographic variation and systematics of salamanders of the genus Dicamptodon Strauch (Ambystomatidae)". Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, No. 149. http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56393/1/MP149.pdf. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
- ^ David A. Goode (1989-07). "Hybridization and Cryptic Species in Dicamptodon (Caudata: dicamptodontidae)". Evolution: 728-744. http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/2409302.pdf?acceptTC=true. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
- ^ Frost, Darrel R., Grant, Taran, Faivovich, Julián, Bain, Raoul H, Haas, Alexander, Haddad, Celio F. B, De Sa, Rafael O, Channing, A, Wilkinson, Mark, Donnellan, Stephen C, Raxworthy, Christopher J., Campbell, Jonathan A., Blotto, Boris L., Moler, Paul., Drewes, Robert C., Nussbaum, Ronald A., Lynch, John D., Green, David M., Wheeler, Ward C. 2006. The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the AMNH ; no. 297 (http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/bitstream/2246/5781/1/B297.pdf)
External links
Data related to Dicamptodon at Wikispecies 
Media related to Dicamptodon at Wikimedia Commons- Tree of Life: Dicamptodontidae
- Dicamptodon at CalPhotos
Caudate families by suborder Kingdom Animalia · Phylum Chordata · Subphylum Craniata · Superclass Tetrapoda · Class Amphibia Cryptobranchoidea 
Salamandroidea Ambystomatidae · Amphiumidae · Dicamptodontidae · Plethodontidae · Proteidae · Rhyacotritonidae · SalamandridaeSirenoidea SirenidaeCategories:- Salamandroidea
- Dicamptodon
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
