First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
- First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
The First Constitutional Era of the
Ottoman Empire was the period ofconstitutional monarchy from the promulgation of the "Kanûn-ı Esâsî " (meaning "Basic Law " in Ottoman Turkish), written by members of theYoung Ottomans , on23 November 1876 until13 February 1878 . The era ended with the suspension of the Ottoman parliament byAbdülhamid II .The first constitutional era did not include any
party system . It visualized the parliament as the voice of the people but not in the form political parties and organizations. When compared to modern democracy criteria, it was more close to the "Constitutional" government than the other.Electoral policies
The elections had been held in accordance with the provisional electoral regulations. In Ottoman design the parliament (house) was composed in two stages. First one is the "Meclis-i Mebusan" (literal "Chamber of Deputies" or
House of Representatives ), which is thelower house of a bicameral legislature, with the correspondingupper house was the "Heyet-i Ayan" (Senate ). The initial selection of deputies ("Meclis-i Mebusan") by administrative councils in the provinces ("Meclis-i Umumi") was used as the method.After the establishment of "Meclis-i Umumi" in the provinces, the members select the deputies within self to form the "Meclis-i Mebusan" in the capital. Meclis-i Mebusan had 115 members and reflected the distribution of the millets in the empire. During the second elections had 69 Muslim millet representatives and 46 other-millet representatives (Jews,
Phanariotes , Armenians) was established.The second body was "Heyet-i Ayan" ("Senate") and the members were selected by the sultan. "Heyet-i Ayan" had only 26 members. It was designed to replaced the
porte theGrand Vizier become the speaker of Heyet-i Ayan.The two elections, one each year, happened between 1877–78.
First term, 1877
The members reactions to the incoming war was very strong and
Abdülhamid II asked for new elections citing theRusso-Turkish War (1877–1878) .econd term, 1878
The life of the second term of the parliament was counted in days as after the initial speeches by the members from
Balkan vilayet sAbdülhamid II closed the parliament citing the social unrest.ignificant people
Mütercim Rüşdî Paşa ,Serasker Hüseyin Avni Paşa , Sadrâzam Midhat Paşa, Süleymân Paşa.See also
*
Constitutional history of Turkey
*Tanzimat
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Ottoman Empire — دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet i Âliyye i Osmâniyye … Wikipedia
Ottoman Empire — a former Turkish empire that was founded about 1300 by Osman and reached its greatest territorial extent under Suleiman in the 16th century; collapsed after World War I. Cap.: Constantinople. Also called Turkish Empire. * * * Former empire… … Universalium
Constitutional era of the Ottoman Empire — The Constitutional era of the Ottoman Empire may refer to: First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire) (1876 1878) Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire) (1908 1920) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an … Wikipedia
Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire — This article is about the events between 24 July 1908 and 30 October 1918. For a summary of the reasons that led to the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, see Fall of the Ottoman Empire. History of the Ottoman Empire This article is part of … Wikipedia
Decline of the Ottoman Empire — This article is about the period of 20 October 1827 – 24 July 1908 in the Ottoman Empire. For the reasons that led to the empire s dissolution, see Fall of the Ottoman Empire. History of the Ottoman Empire … Wikipedia
Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire) — The Second Constitutional Era (ايکنجى مشروطيت دورى İkinci Meşrûtiyyet Devri ) of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after Sultan Abdülhamid II restored the constitutional monarchy after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution. The period established many… … Wikipedia
List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire — Ottoman Imperial Standard Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Former Monarchy … Wikipedia
Armenians in the Ottoman Empire — Main article: History of Armenia Social structure of the Ottoman Empire Millets: (Jews · Armenians … Wikipedia
Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire — The Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Meclis i Mebusan) was the lower house of the Parliament of the Ottoman Empire. First Constitutional Era In the First Constitutional Era, which only lasted for two years, the initial… … Wikipedia
Outline of the Ottoman Empire — See also: Index of Ottoman Empire related articles The Ottoman Empire (1299–1922) is a historical Muslim empire, also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey after the principal ethnic group [1]. At its zenith in the second… … Wikipedia
