United States Minor Outlying Islands

The United States Minor Outlying Islands, a statistical designation defined by the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 3166-1 code, consists of nine United States insular areas.

Palmyra Atoll is the only incorporated territory. As of 2008, none of the islands has any permanent residents. The only population are temporarily stationed scientific and military personnel. The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island. [ [http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/phc3-us-pt1.pdf US Census 2000 Population Summary] — see Table I] There has been no indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. The Baker, Howland and Jarvis Colonization Scheme attempted to settle Americans on those three islands beginning in 1935, but all three islands were evacuated in 1942 as a result of World War II.

The islands are grouped together as a statistical convenience. They are not administered collectively, nor do they share a single cultural or political history beyond being uninhabited islands under the sovereignty of the United States.

They are collectively represented by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code UM. The individual islands have ISO 3166-2 numerical codes, see .The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) ".um" has historically been assigned to the islands; however, the .um ccTLD was retired in January 2007. [cite news | first = Anick | last = Jesdanun
title = Unused Domain Name for U.S. Isles Gone
url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16788293/
publisher = msnbc
date = 24 January, 2007 | accessdate = 2007-09-28]

The term "United States Minor Outlying Islands" was introduced in 1986. From 1974 until 1986, five of the islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef) were grouped under the term US Miscellaneous Pacific Islands, with ISO 3166 code PU (the code of Midway Atoll was MI, and the code of Johnston Atoll JT).

Airports

ICAO (IATA) codes:
* PJON (JON) – Johnston Atoll Airport - Johnston Atoll
* PMDY (MDY) – Henderson Field (Naval Air Facility) – Sand Island
* PWAK (AWK) – Wake Island Airfield - Wake Island
* PLPA – Palmyra (Cooper) Airport – Palmyra Atoll - Cooper Island
* PBAR – Baker Island Airport - Baker Island
* PLUR – Jarvis Airport – Jarvis Island
* Kamakaiwi Field - Howland Island (1937 to about 1945) [ [http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=any&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOROOT=/earhart&CISOBOX1=Richard Purdue University E-Archives : Search Results ] ]
*Kingman Reef: lagoon was used as a halfway station between Hawaii and American Samoa by Pan American Airways for flying boats in 1937 and 1938 [http://www.faqs.org/docs/factbook/print/kq.html]

Ports

Three of the islands are listed with ports in the World Port Index [http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime/?epi_menuItemID=dab63a42518d786b6058eef03227a759&epi_menuID=35ad5b8aabcefa1a0fc133443927a759&epi_baseMenuID=e106a3b5e50edce1fec24fd73927a759] , with World Port Number:
*56325 JOHNSTON ATOLL - Johnston Atoll
*56328 MIDWAY ISLAND - Midway Atoll
*56330 WAKE ISLAND - Wake Island
*not listed WEST LAGOON - Palmyra Atoll

Baker Island, Howland Island and Jarvis Island have a small boat landing place only each. Kingman Reef and Navassa Island have offshore anchorage only.

Islands Table

ee also

*
*
*List of airports in United States minor islands
*United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
*United States Miscellaneous Caribbean Islands
*United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands

References

External links

* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_minor.html WorldStatesmen- U.S.]
* [http://www.fws.gov/coralreef/proceedings/Day%202%20PDF/9-Jim%20Maragos.pdf Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges]
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/um.html CIA World Factbook: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges]
* [http://www.library.uu.nl/wesp/populstat/Oceania/usaexttp.htm Historical Population figures]
* [http://www.doi.gov/oia/Islandpages/acquisition_process.htm dates of acquisition]