- Turdetani
The Turdetani were an ancient (pre-Roman) people of the
Iberian peninsula (the RomanHispania ), living in the valley of theGuadalquivir in what was to become the Roman Province ofHispania Baetica (modernAndalusia ,Spain ).Strabo ("Geography" III, 4, 13) considers them to have been the successors to the people ofTartessos and to have spoken a close relative of theTartessian language .The Turdetani were in constant contact with their Greek and Carthaginian neighbors.
Herodotus describes them as enjoying a civilised rule under a king,Arganthonios , who welcomed Phocaean colonists in the fifth century BC. The Turdetani are said to have possessed a written legal code and to have employed Celtiberian mercenaries to carry on their wars against Rome (Livy 34.19).Strabo notes that the Turdetani and the Celts were the most civilized peoples in Iberia, with the implication that their ordered, urbanised culture was most in accord with Greco-Roman models. At the opening of theSecond Punic War the Turdetani rose against their Roman governor in 197. WhenCato the Elder became consul in 195 BCE, he was given the command of the whole ofHispania . Cato first put down the rebellion in the northeast, then marched south and put down the revolt by the Turdetani, "the least warlike of all the Hispanic tribes" (Livy, "History of Rome" 34.17). Cato was able to return to Rome in 194, leaving two praetors in charge of the two provinces.There are some speculation amongst some scholarsFact|date=February 2007 that connect the Turdetani and the
Turduli , theTurdulorum Oppida and theTurduli Veteres (all in modern Portuguese territory), even if all of them seem highly celticized.In
Plautus ' comedy "The Captives", a reference to the Turdetani (Act i, Scene ii) seems to show that their district in Hispania Baetica had become proverbially famous for the thrushes and small birds supplied for Roman tables. "Turdus " is the genus of the thrushes.ee also
*
Carpia
*Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula External links
* [http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)]
* [http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Livy/Livy34.html Livy, "History of Rome" book 34] , especially 34.17 and following sections
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