Guitar Hero (video game)

Infobox VG
title = Guitar Hero
developer = Harmonix Music Systems
publisher = RedOctane
designer = Mary Magdilen
Rob Kay
Ryan Lesser
Josh Randall
series = "Guitar Hero"


engine =
released = ^NA November 8, 2005
^EUR April 7, 2006
^AUS June 15, 2006
genre = Music video game
modes = Single-player, multiplayer
ratings = ESRB: T
PEGI: 12+
PEGI: 11+ (Finland)
OFLC: PG
platforms = PlayStation 2
media = DVD
requirements =
input methods = Guitar controller (game packaged with Gibson SG controller), gamepad

"Guitar Hero" is a music video game developed by Harmonix Music Systems and published by RedOctane for the PlayStation 2 video game console. It is the first entry in the "Guitar Hero" series. "Guitar Hero" was released on November 8, 2005 in North America, April 7, 2006 in Europe and June 15, 2006 in Australia. The game's development was a result of collaboration between RedOctane and Harmonix to bring a "GuitarFreaks"-like game to North America.

The game features a guitar-shaped controller (resembling a miniature Gibson SG) that the player uses to simulate the playing of rock music. The gameplay is similar to "GuitarFreaks", in that the player presses buttons on the guitar controller in time with musical notes that scroll on the game screen. The game features covers of 30 popular rock songs spanning five decades of rock, from the 1960s up through 2005, in addition to bonus tracks from independent artists.

"Guitar Hero" became a surprise hit, earning critical acclaim and winning many awards from major video game publications. The game's success launched the "Guitar Hero" franchise, with more than one billion dollars in sales, spawning several sequels, expansions, and other game-related products.

Gameplay

The gameplay is similar to other music and rhythm video games, in that the player must press buttons on a game controller in time with scrolling notes on the game screen to complete a song. The basic mechanics are based on Konami's "GuitarFreaks". In the case of "Guitar Hero", the player may use either the guitar peripheral (a 3/4-scale reproduction of the Gibson SG guitar as bundled with the game, or a third-party version) or a standard controller to play the scrolling notes. The guitar peripheral has five different-colored fret buttons near the nut of the guitar neck, and a strum bar and a whammy bar on the body of the guitar. The peripheral also has other buttons in order to navigate the game's menus. Music is displayed on screen through a series of notes, matching in color and position to the fret buttons, that scroll down the screen on a fret board. To hit or play a note, the player must hold down the fret button corresponding to the note shown and toggle the strum bar at the same time as that note passes a marked area on the screen. Faster series of notes may be played on the guitar controller using hammer-on and pull-off techniques where the player does not need to strum each note. The game supports toggling the handedness of the guitar, allowing both left-handed and right-handed players to utilize the guitar controller.cite book | title = Guitar Hero instruction manual | year =2005 |publisher = RedOctane] A player using the standard controller simply presses the buttons that correspond with the displayed notes as outlined in the game's manual.

The player is awarded points for correctly hitting notes, chords and sustains. The player can also increase a score multiplier by playing a series of consecutive notes successfully. A "Rock Meter" tracks the player's performance based on success or failure of hitting notes, and if the meter drops too low the song will prematurely end in failure for the player. The player can also earn "Star Power" by playing a series of glowing notes perfectly and using the whammy bar during sustains. Once the Star Power meter is filled at least halfway, Star Power can then be activated by briefly tilting the guitar controller vertically, or by pressing a specific button on a standard controller. Activating Star Power will double the scoring multiplier and makes it easier to increase the Rock Meter by playing correct notes. Thus, players can strategically use Star Power to play through difficult sections of a song they might have otherwise failed.

Modes and other features

"Guitar Hero"'s main mode of play is Career Mode, where the player and in-game band travel between various fictional performance arenas and perform sets of four or five songs. Completing songs in this mode unlocks the songs for play within the other game modes. Players can choose their on-stage character and their guitar; these elements have no effect on gameplay but affect the visuals during the performance. In Career Mode, players can earn money from their performances that is redeemable at the in-game store, where bonus content, such as additional songs, guitars and finishes, can be unlocked. Quick Play mode allows the player to play any unlocked track, selecting the difficulty, the character, venue and guitar. After successfully completing a song in either Career or Quick Play mode, the player is given a score and a rating based on five stars, depending on his or her overall performance.

Multiplayer mode offers two players the chance to compete against each other on the same song. Two fret boards will appear on screen, one for each player, as they alternate playing sections of the song in a dueling manner. The player with the highest score at the end of the song wins.

The four difficulty levels for each song afford the player a learning curve in order to help him or her progress in skill. The first difficulty level, Easy, only focuses on the first three fret buttons while displaying a significantly reduced amount of notes for the player to play. Medium introduces a fourth fret button while adding more notes, and Hard includes the final fret button while adding additional notes. Expert does not introduce any other frets to learn, but adds more notes in a manner designed to challenge the player.

Development

According to Ron Kay, a developer with Harmonix, the idea of "Guitar Hero" was directly inspired by Konami's "GuitarFreaks" arcade game, where the player used a guitar-shaped controller to interact with the game. At the time, "GuitarFreaks" had not seen much exposure in North America.cite book | last = Simons | first = Iain | title = Inside Game Design | publisher = Laurence King | date = 2007-09-27 | pages = p. 160 | isbn = 1856695328 ] [cite web | url = http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/2801/book_excerpt_inside_game_design_.php | title = Book Excerpt: Inside Game Design: Harmonix Music Systems | publisher = Gamasutra | first = Iain | last = Simons | date = 2007-12-05 | accessdate = 2008-07-24 ] RedOctane was making dance pads for games like "Dance Dance Revolution" for home consoles and also operated an online video rental service similar to Netflix. RedOctane's Kai and Charles Huang recognized the popularity of "GuitarFreaks" in Japan through their rental service, and planned to create guitar controllers to bring the game to North America. The Huangs raised $1.75 million for the effort, despite being turned down by some investors who "thought [the idea] was too weird".cite web | url = http://blog.cleveland.com/pdextra/2008/03/guitar_hero_cofounders_turned.html | title ="Guitar Hero" co-founders turned a bright idea into $100 million | publisher = "Cleveland Plain Dealer" | first = John | last = Petkovic | date = 2008-03-28 | accessdate = 2008-03-28] They approached Harmonix, who had previously made music video games such as "Frequency", "Amplitude" and "Karaoke Revolution" about making a guitar-based video game for those controllers. With a budget of about one million dollars (which Kay noted was "pretty tiny for a video game"), the two companies worked together to develop "Guitar Hero". Kay noted that "No one had any notions about it being a massive success; we all just thought it would be fun to do."

The team quickly recognized that "the controller really was the kind of magic sauce for what we wanted to do". They identified three aspects of gameplay that they felt made the game stand out. These aspects included the note-matching aspect and the showmanship created by the use of the whammy bar and tilting of the guitar within the game. The third key aspect was the use of Star Power "to provide a little more depth to the game — some replay value, some interest for people as they were playing beyond just hitting the notes". Harmonix used third party controllers made for "GuitarFreaks" that were already on the market for development of the game until RedOctane had prepared prototypes for the "Guitar Hero" controller. The controller initially had pressure-sensitive fret buttons to mimic the playing of a real guitar, but the idea was dropped as it made the gameplay too complex.cite web | url = http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1518159/20051214/index.jhtml | title ='Guitar Hero': The Video Game That Literally Rocks | publisher = MTV | date = 2005-12-14 | accessdate = 2008-03-30 | first = Stephen | last = Totilo] The idea of using the whammy bar to boost Star Power, in addition to altering the pitch of sustained notes was only realized about a month before the completion of the game.

"Gem tracks", the pattern of notes for a song, were developed by a team in Harmonix, taking usually a day to develop the tracks for one song. Tracks were designed to include key notes to "make [the player] feel as if [he is] a brilliant musician". Software algorithms were used to assess the difficulty of the tracks, and the quality assurance team helped to rebalance the tracks for accuracy and difficulty. The software also allowed Harmonix to quickly make changes to the set list or to recreate the tracks for a song to make sure the overall difficulty of the game was appropriate.

At the onset of development, the team did not have any idea of what songs would be present in the final game. Kay noted that "We wanted 30 or 40 songs for the game and put a hundred on our wish list." The game was to focus mostly on hard rock songs, but the team was limited by what could be licensed. The team also felt "morally obligated" to include older, classic rock songs like The Ramones' "I Wanna Be Sedated" to the younger target audience of the game. Harmonix had to modify the track list throughout development as certain songs were introduced or removed based on licensing issues, requiring the team to repeatedly balance difficulty and popularity of the track list. WaveGroup Sound were used to create the covers of the licensed songs provided in the game.cite web | url = http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/78090 | title = WaveGroup Announces The Guitar Hero Recordings | publisher = "The Escapist" | date =2007-10-17 | accessdate = 2008-03-25 | first = Andy | last = Chalk] Marcus Henderson of the band Drist provided many of the lead guitar tracks for the covers. [cite web | url = http://www.modernguitars.com/archives/001397.html | title = RedOctane's Guitar Hero: An Interview with Marcus Henderson | publisher = "Modern Guitars Magazine" | date = 2005-12-05 | accessdate = 2008-03-26 | first = Brian | last = Holland ] WaveGroup Sound also went to efforts to try to recreate effects for some songs. In the case of Black Sabbath's "Iron Man", the team learned that the vocal effects were created by having Ozzy Osbourne sing from behind a metal fan. The team sought out the same model of fan through Craigslist to generate the same effect in the game's cover. Many of the bonus songs were from groups that Harmonix employees were part of or knew. [cite web | url = http://www.blender.com/guide/articles.aspx?ID=2940 | title = Game On! | publisher = "Blender" | month =November | year =2007 | accessdate = 2008-03-29 | first = David | last = Peisner] [cite web | url = http://www.entdepot.com/features/interviews/article_1852.php | title = (Interview) Harmonix: Daniel Sussman, Guitar Hero and Maker of Magic Moments | date = 2006-11-10 | accessdate = 2008-03-23 | publisher = The Entertainment Depot | first = Ron |last=Ayers] Additionally, a "Be a "Guitar Hero" contest was held allowing bands to submit their own song to be included in the game. The winning song was "Cheat on the Church" by Graveyard BBQ. [cite web | url = http://www.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/issues/issue_72/415-How-to-be-a-Guitar-Hero | title = How to be a Guitar Hero | publisher = "The Escapist" | date = 2006-11-21 | first = Lara | last = Crigger | accessdate = 2008-03-23 ] Black Label Society's song, "Fire it Up", was included two weeks before the game was completed at the request of Zakk Wylde. The final song list was set very near to the shipping date.

"Guitar Hero" started with "super-basic "Pong"-style graphics" for the game display. The final game art was led by Ryan Lesser, using the art team's involvement in the music scene. Based on the experience from "Frequency" and "Amplitude", the team realized that "people don't necessarily relate to really abstract visuals", and included the depictions of live performances as previously used in "Karaoke Revolution". House of Moves were used to assist in creation motion capture for the on-screen animations. [cite web | url = http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=7685 | title = Round-Up: iRiver G10, Aspyr Publishes Dreamfall, Guitar Hero Mocap | publisher = Gamasutra | date = 2006-01-06 | accessdate = 2008-03-26 | first = Nich | last = Maragos ] The appearance of Star Power was made to resemble electricity, both to reflect the use of the electric guitar as well to conceptually demonstrate the excitement of the performance and the virtual audience. [cite web | url = http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2008/01/researching_guitar_hero_post_1.php | title = Researching Guitar Hero: The Creation Of The Original | publisher = Game Set Watch | date = 2008-01-24 | accessdate = 2008-08-21 | first = Kiri | last = Miller]

"Guitar Hero" was initially released to retail stores in a bundle that packaged the game disc and a Gibson SG guitar controller, priced at $69.99.cite web | url = http://ps2.ign.com/articles/659/659813p1.html | title = Fingers-On with Guitar Hero | publisher = IGN | first = Chris | last = Roper | date = 2005-10-19 | accessdate = 2008-03-26] Since its release, stand-alone copies of the games and the guitar controller have been released, including both RedOctane [cite web | url = http://gear.ign.com/articles/742/742330p1.html | title = Red Octane Premiers Wireless Guitar Hero Controller | publisher = IGN | first = Gerry | last = Block | date = 2006-10-27 | accessdate = 2008-03-26] and third-party controllers from TAC [cite web | url = http://gear.ign.com/articles/742/742608p1.html | title = TAC's Wireless Double Range Guitar Controller | publisher = IGN | first = Gerry | last = Block | date = 2006-10-30 | accessdate = 2008-03-26] and Nyko. [cite web | url = http://gear.ign.com/articles/744/744662p1.html | title = Nyko Frontman Guitar Hero Controller Preview | publisher = IGN | author = IGN Staff | date = 2006-11-07 | accessdate = 2008-03-26]

oundtrack

"Guitar Hero" features 47 playable songs, 30 of which are "main setlist" tracks that are covers of popular songs. Featured tracks include "Iron Man" by Black Sabbath, "Take Me Out" by Franz Ferdinand, "Spanish Castle Magic" by Jimi Hendrix, "Bark at the Moon" by Ozzy Osbourne, "Smoke on the Water" by Deep Purple, "Crossroads" by Cream, and "Fat Lip" by Sum 41. All cover tracks are credited on screen with the phrase "as made famous by" (e.g., "'I Wanna Be Sedated', as made famous by The Ramones"). The other 17 songs are master recordings selected from indie groups.

Reception

VG Reviews
1UP = A+cite web | url = http://www.1up.com/do/reviewPage?cId=3145313&did=1 | title = Guitar Hero (PS2) | publisher = 1UP | date = 2005-11-01 | accessdate = 2008-03-26 | first = Andrew | last = Pfister ]
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EuroG = 8/10cite web | url =http://www.eurogamer.net/article.php?article_id=62301 | title = Guitar Hero | publisher = Eurogamer | date = 2006-01-04 | accessdate = 2008-03-26 | first = Kristan | last = Reed ]
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GSpot = 9.0/10cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/ps2/puzzle/guitarhero/review.html?sid=6137018 | title = Guitar Hero for PlayStation 2 Review | first = Jeff | last = Gerstmann | publisher = GameSpot | date = 2005-11-01 | accessdate = 2008-07-24]
GSpy = 4.5/5.0cite web | url = http://ps2.gamespy.com/playstation-2/guitar-hero/665200p1.html | title = Guitar Hero (PS2) | first = Phil | last = Theobald | publisher = GameSpy | date = 2005-11-07 | accessdate = 2008-03-26]
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IGN = 9.2/10cite web | url = http://ps2.ign.com/articles/663/663674p1.html | title = Guitar Hero (Game & Guitar Controller Bundle) Review | first = Chris | last = Roper | publisher = IGN | date = 2005-11-02 | accessdate = 2008-07-24]
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Play = 10/10cite news | publisher = "Play" | date = April 2006 | page = 100 | title = Guitar Hero review]
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MC = 91/100 [cite web|url= http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/ps2/guitarhero | title = Guitar Hero (PS2: 2005) | publisher = Metacritic | accessdate = 2008-07-24]
GR = 92% [cite web | url = http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages2/928520.asp?q=guitar%20hero | title = Guitar Hero Reviews | publisher = Game Rankings | accessdate = 2008-03-26]
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TTR ="Guitar Hero" received very positive reviews. IGN praised the "fantastic soundtrack" and "great peripheral", further commenting that mini-Gibson SG controller "is what makes Guitar Hero, rather than what breaks it". [cite web | url = http://gear.ign.com/articles/665/665721p1.html | title = Guitar Hero Mini Gibson SG | first = Gerry | last = Block | publisher = IGN | date = 2005-11-09 | accessdate = 2008-03-26] GameSpot echoed these sentiments, stating "Guitar Hero" had a "great guitar controller" and "killer soundtrack" and was possibly the "best rhythm game ever made". Many reviews praised the game's gradual learning curve and difficulty approach through the song tier progression and the difficulty setting for each song. "Play" said the game gives "bedroom air guitarists a chance to live out their rock 'n' roll fantasies". GameSpy's review commented on the length of the songs, in that "once you hit the three minute mark or so, things start to feel 'too long'". Eurogamer said, "the lack of international star quality about the roster of songs and the absence of the original artists is perhaps the only thing that may detract from the package from an importer's perspective" and "it would have been truly amazing with a better track list".

Shortly after release, "Guitar Hero" became an unexpected hit; [cite web | url = http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_44/b4056078.htm?campaign_id=rss_magzn | title = Guitar Hero: More Than a Video Game | publisher= "BusinessWeek" | first = Christopher | last= Palmeri | date = 2007-10-29 | accessdate= 2008-03-26] it was the second-highest selling PlayStation 2 title in February 2006 according to the NPD Group. [cite web | url = http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=8483 | title = NPD: U.S. Game Sales Drop 13% In February | publisher = Gamasutra | date = 2006-03-13 | accessdate= 2008-03-26 | first = David | last = Jenkins ] Game sales amounted to $45 million in vgy|2005. Since then, the game has sold about 1.53 million copies through December 2007. [cite web | url = http://www.wired.com/gaming/gamingreviews/magazine/15-10/mf_harmonix?currentPage=2 | title = Full-On Rock Band Makes Jamming Follow-Up to Guitar Hero | publisher = "Wired" | first = Chris | last = Kohler | date = 2007-09-14 | accessdate = 2008-07-24] [cite web | url = http://www.the-magicbox.com/Chart-USPlatinum.shtml | title = US Platinum Videogame Chart | publisher = The Magic Box | date = 2007-12-27 | accessdate = 2008-07-24 ] The success of the game has spawned a one billion dollar "Guitar Hero" franchise,cite web | url = http://www.edge-online.com/news/guitar-hero-breaks-1-bln | title = "Guitar Hero" Breaks $1 bln | publisher = Next Gen Business | first = Kris | last= Graft | date = 2008-01-21 | accessdate = 2008-01-21] including two sequels on several seventh generation consoles, two expansions, a mobile phone-based version, and a portable version for the Nintendo DS. Harmonix no longer is involved in development of the series, due to its acquisition by MTV. [cite press release | title = Viacom's MTV networks to acquire Harmonix Music Systems, Inc. for MTV | publisher = Harmonix Music Systems | date = 2006-08-22 | accessdate = 2008-07-24 | url = http://www.harmonixmusic.com/press092206.html | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070513024437/http://www.harmonixmusic.com/press092206.html | archivedate=2007-05-13 ] Harmonix has since developed "Rock Band" using designs similar to those that based "Guitar Hero"'s success. [cite web | url = http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117962380.html?categoryid=18&cs=1 | title = MTV, Harmonix form 'Rock Band' | publisher = "Variety" | date = 2007-04-02 | accessdate = 2008-04-08 | first = Ben | last = Fritz ]

The game and its sequels have created interest in young adults and children in learning how to play a real guitar, [cite web | url = http://machinist.salon.com/feature/2007/08/15/guitar_hero/ | title = How "Guitar Hero" saved guitar music | first = Farhad | last = Manjoo | publisher = Salon.com | date = 2007-08-15 | accessdate = 2008-07-24] and has been considered as a "cultural phenomenon"cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/15/fashion/15guitar.html?ex=1343275200&en=80d6a7f2b164a837&ei=5124&partner=permalink&exprod=permalink |title=Virtual Frets, Actual Sweat: The New Karaoke|publisher="New York Times"|last=Zezima|first=K.|date=2007-07-14|accessdate=2008-07-24] [cite web | url = http://www.newsweek.com/id/70181 | title = The Low Cost of (Guitar) Heroism | first = Steven | last = Levy | publisher = "Newsweek" | date = 2007-01-29 | accessdate = 2008-07-24] that has created a significant cultural impact.

Awards

"Guitar Hero" has won several awards. In IGN's "Best of 2005", the game was recognized for "Best Music Game", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/overall/6.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: Overall – Best Music Game | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Best PlayStation 2 Music Game", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/ps2/6.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: PlayStation 2 – Best Music Game | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Best Licensed Soundtrack", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/overall/16.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: Overall – Best Licensed Soundtrack | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Best Licensed Soundtrack for PlayStation 2", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/ps2/15.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: PlayStation 2 – Best Licensed Soundtrack | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Best Offline Multiplayer Game", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/overall/19.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: Overall – Best Offline Multiplayer Game | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Best PlayStation 2 Offline Multiplayer Game", [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/ps2/18.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: PlayStation 2 – Best Offline Multiplayer Game | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] and "Best Gaming Peripheral" (for the Mini Gibson SG controller). [cite web | url = http://bestof.ign.com/2005/gear/3.html | title = IGN.com Presents The Best of 2005: Gear – Best Gaming Peripheral | publisher = IGN | accessdate = 2008-07-24] GameSpot also recognized the game in its "Best and Worst of 2005", awarding it honors for "Best Puzzle/Rhythm Game", [cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/pages/features/bestof2005/index.php?day=4&page=7 | title = GameSpot's Best of 2005: Genre Awards – Best Puzzle/Rhythm Game | publisher = GameSpot | accessdate = 2008-07-24] "Most Metal", [cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/pages/features/bestof2005/index.php?day=2&page=21 | title = GameSpot's Best of 2005: Special Achievement Awards – Most Metal | publisher = GameSpot | accessdate = 2008-07-24] and "Reader's Choice – Best Puzzle/Rhythm Game". [cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/pages/features/bestof2005/index.php?day=7&page=7 | title = GameSpot's Best of 2005: Reader's Choice Awards – Best Puzzle/Rhythm Game | publisher = GameSpot | accessdate = 2008-07-24] The Game Developers Choice Awards honored "Guitar Hero" for "Excellence in Audio" and "Excellence in Game Innovation". [cite web | url = http://www.gamechoiceawards.com/archive/gdca_6th.htm | title = Game Developer Choice Awards | accessdate = 2008-07-24 | year = 2006 | publisher = "Game Developer"] The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences' 2005 Interactive Achievement Awards honored the game with awards for "Game of the Year", "Outstanding Achievement in Game Design", "Outstanding Achievement in Game Play Engineering" (tie), and "Outstanding Achievement in Soundtrack". [cite web | url = http://www.interactive.org/awards.php?winners&year=2006 | title = 9th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards |publisher= Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences|accessdate = 2008-07-24 | year = 2006] [cite web | url = http://games.ign.com/articles/687/687737p1.html | title = DICE 2006: Interactive Achievement Awards | publisher = IGN | date = 2006-02-10 | accessdate = 2008-03-31 | author = IGN Staff] "Guitar Hero" also won "Best Soundtrack" at the 2005 Spike TV Video Game Awards. [cite web | url = http://www.gamespot.com/news/6140144.html | title = RE4 named Game of Year at Spike Awards | publisher = GameSpot | date 2005-11-19 | accessdate = 2008-03-27 | first = Brendan | last = Sinclair ]

References

External links

* [http://www.guitarherogame.com/gh1/ "Guitar Hero" Official USA website]
* [http://www.guitarherogame.co.uk/ "Guitar Hero" Official UK website]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Play-Guitar-Hero How to Play Guitar Hero] - A wikiHow Article