- Margherita of Savoy
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For other uses, see Margaret of Savoy.
Margherita of Savoy 
Queen of Italy Tenure 9 January 1878 – 29 July 1900 Spouse Umberto I of Italy Issue Victor Emmanuel III Full name Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna di Savoia Father Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa Mother Princess Elisabeth of Saxony Born 20 November 1851
Palazzo Chiablese, TurinDied 4 January 1926 (aged 74)
BordigheraBurial Pantheon, Rome Margherita of Savoy (Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna; 20 November 1851 – 4 January 1926), was the Queen consort of the Kingdom of Italy during the reign (1878–1900) of her husband, Umberto I.
Contents
Family
She was a daughter of Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa and Princess Elisabeth of Saxony. Her paternal grandparents were Charles Albert, King of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Austria. Her maternal grandparents were John, King of Saxony and Amalie Auguste, Princess of Bavaria.
Marriage and child
She married her first cousin Umberto, Prince of Piedmont on 21 April 1868. On 11 November 1869, Margherita gave birth to Victor Emmanuel, Prince of Naples, afterwards Victor Emmanuel III of Italy. He was their only child.
Queen consort
On 9 January 1878, Umberto succeeded as the new King of Italy. She became his Queen consort and remained by his side for the rest of his reign. Umberto was assassinated by anarchist Gaetano Bresci on 29 July 1900.
Margherita encouraged artists and writers and founded cultural institutions, notably the Società del Quartetto, and the Casa di Dante. She was a benefactor of many charities, especially the Red Cross.
In 1889, the Margherita pizza, whose red tomatoes, green basil, and white cheese represent the Italian flag, was named after her. Her name means "daisy" in Italian. In 1906, the Queen mother’s nephew Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi made the first ascent of the highest summit of Mount Stanley (the third highest mountain in Africa) and named it Margherita Peak in her honour.[1]
On 18 August 1893, in the company of various guides, porters, Alpini, politicians and aristocrats, she climbed the Punta Gnifetti (or Signalkuppe), a peak of the Monte Rosa massif on the Swiss-Italian border, for the inauguration of the mountain hut named after her.[2] At 4,554 metres the Capanna Regina Margherita, remains the highest hut in Europe.
Politically she leant towards Fascism—in October 1922 the quadrumvirs (Emilio De Bono, Italo Balbo, Michele Bianchi and Cesare Maria de Vecchi) visited her at Bordighera to pay their respects prior to the March on Rome[citation needed].
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles and styles
- 20 November 1851 – 21 April 1868 Her Royal Highness Princess Margherita of Savoy
- 21 April 1868 – 9 January 1878 Her Royal Highness The Princess of Piedmont
- 9 January 1878 – 29 July 1900 Her Majesty The Queen of Italy
- 29 July 1900 – 4 January 1926 Her Majesty The Queen Mother
Ancestry
Notes
- ^ Peter Bridges, ‘A Prince of Climbers’, Virginia Quarterly Review, 76-1 (Winter 2000), 38–51.
- ^ ‘Rifugio Regina Margherita alla Punta Gnifetti’, varasc.it. The official opening ceremony took place a fortnight later on 4 September.
Margherita of SavoyBorn: 20 November 1851 Died: 4 January 1926Italian royalty Vacant Title last held byMarie Louise of AustriaQueen consort of Italy
9 January 1878–29 July 1900Succeeded by
Elena of MontenegroPrincesses of Savoy 1st generation none2nd generation 3rd generation Princess Maria · Margherita, Countess of Saint-Pol · Charlotte, Queen of France · Agnes, Countess of Dunois · Maria, Countess of Saint-Pol · Bona, Duchess of Milan · Princess Anna4th generation Louise, Duchess of Nemours · Philiberta, Duchess of Nemours · Antonia, Lady of Monaco · Claudina, Countess of Hornes · Princess Philippina · Princess Margherita · Princess Giovanna5th generation Yolande, Duchess of Savoy · Princess Catherine · Princess Maria · Princess Isabella6th generation none7th generation Margherita, Vicereine of Portugal · Isabella, Hereditary Princess of Modena · Princess Maria Apollonia · Princess Francesca Catherina · Princess Giovanna8th generation Luisa Cristina, Princess Maurice of Savoy · Margherita Violante, Duchess of Parma · Henriette Adelaide, Electress of Bavaria · Princess Catherine Beatrice · Princess Christine Charlotte · Louise, Hereditary Princess of Baden-Baden · Marie Jeanne, Duchess of Savoy · Marie Françoise, Queen of Portugal9th generation Maria Vittoria, Countess of Cercenasco* · Isabella Luisa, Countess of Lagnasco*10th generation Maria Adelaide, Dauphine of France · Princess Maria Anna · Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain · Anne Thérèse, Princess of Soubise · Marie Jeanne, Mademoiselle de Soissons · Louise Philiberte, Mademoiselle de Carignan · Françoise, Mademoiselle de Dreux11th generation Princess Eleonora · Princess Maria Luisa · Princess Maria Felicita · Princess Vittoria Margharita · Princess Charlotte · Leopoldina, Princess of Melfi · Princess Polyxena · Gabrielle, Princess of Lobkowicz · Maria Luisa, Princess of Lamballe* · Caterina, Princess of Paliano · Maria Anna Victoria, Duchess in Saxony12th generation Princess Maria Elisabetta · Marie Joséphine, Countess of Provence · Maria Teresa, Countess of Artois · Maria Anna, Duchess of Chablais · Princess Maria Cristina Giuseppina · Maria Carolina, Electoral Princess of Saxony13th generation 14th generation Princess Maria Cristina15th generation 16th generation Margherita, Queen of Italy*17th generation Yolande, Countess of Bergolo · Mafalda, Landgravine of Hesse · Giovanna, Tsaritsa of Bulgaria · Maria Francesca, Princess Luis of Parma · Bona Margherita, Princess Konrad of Bavaria* · Princess Adelaide*18th generation Maria Pia, Princess Michael of Parma · Maria Gabriella, Mrs Zellinger de Balkany · Maria Beatrice, Mrs Reyna-Corvalán y Dillon · Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este** · Maria Cristina, Princess Casimir of the Two Sicilies** · Princess Isabella*19th generation Bianca, Countess Arrivabene-Valenti-Gonzaga** · Mafalda, Baroness Lombardo di San Chirico**20th generation *Princess of Savoy-Genoa
**Princess of Savoy-AostaPrincesses of Savoy by marriage 1st Generation 2nd Generation Princess Anne of Cyprus · Claudine de Brosse3rd Generation 4th Generation none5th Generation Princess Yolande Louise of Savoy* · Anna d'Este6th Generation Princess Anne of Lorraine7th Generation Princess Christine Marie of France · Marie de Bourbon · Princess Luisa Cristina of Savoy* · Élisabeth de Bourbon8th Generation 9th Generation Maria Vittoria of Savoy* · Urania de La Cropte de Beauvais10th Generation Countess Palatine Anne Christine of Sulzbach · Landgravine Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg · Landgravine Christine of Hesse-Rotenburg · Princess Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein11th Generation Infanta Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain · Princess Maria Anna of Savoy* · Princess Joséphine of Lorraine · Elisabeth Anne Magon Boisgarin12th Generation 13th Generation 14th Generation Archduchess Adelaide of Austria · Princess Elisabeth of Saxony15th Generation Princess Margherita of Savoy* · Princess Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo · Maria Letizia Bonaparte · Princess Isabella of Bavaria**16th Generation Princess Jelena Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro · Princess Hélène of Orléans*** · Countess Maria Luigia** · Princess Lydia of Arenberg** · Princess Lucia of the Two Sicilies**17th Generation Princess Marie José of Belgium · Princess Anne of Orléans*** · Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark***18th Generation 19th Generation *also a princess of Savoy by birth
**Princess of Savoy-Genoa
***Princess of Savoy-AostaPrincess Christine Marie of France (1619-1630) · Countess Palatine Anne Christine of Sulzbach (1722-1723) · Landgravine Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg (1724-1730) · Princess Marie Clotilde of France (1776-1796) · Princess Margherita of Savoy (1868-1878) · Princess Elena of Montenegro (1896-1900) · Princess Marie José of Belgium (1930-1946)Queens of Italy Audofleda (493–526) · Amalasuntha (526-534) · Matasuntha (536-540) · Berthora (549-552) · Chlothsind (560s) · Rosamund (567-573) · Chlodoswintha (580s) · Theodelinda (589-616) · Gundiberga (626-652) · Guntrude (712–744) · Tassia (744–749) · Ansa (756–774) · Hildegard of Vinzgouw (774-783) · Fastrada of Franconia (784-794) · Luitgard of Sundgau (794–800) · Bertha of Gellone (?) · Cunigunda of Laon (?) · Ermengarde of Tours (821-851) · Engelberga of Parma (851–875) · Richilde of Provence (875-877) · Richardis of Swabia (879–888) · Bertila of Spoleto (888–889) · Ageltrude of Benevento (889-894) · Ota of Neustria (896–899) · Anna of Constantinople (900-905) · Bertila of Spoleto (905–915) · Anna of Provence (915-924) · Bertha of Swabia (922-926) · Alda (924-932) · Marozia of Tusculum (932-933) · Bertha of Swabia (937-948) · Adelaide of Italy (948-950) · Willa of Tuscany (950-953) · Gerberga of Mâcon (960-963) · Adelaide of Italy (951-973) · Theophanu of Constantinople (972-983) · Berta di Luni (1002-1014) · Cunigunde of Luxembourg (1004-1024) · Gisela of Swabia (1026-1039) · Agnes of Poitou (1043-1056) · Bertha of Savoy (1080-1087) · Eupraxia of Kiev (1089–1093) · Constance of Sicily (1095–1098) · Matilda of England (1114-1125) · Richenza of Northeim (1128-1137) · Beatrice I of Burgundy (1156-1184) · Constance of Sicily (1191-1197) · Beatrice of Hohenstaufen (1212) · Marie of Brabant (1214-1215) · Constance of Aragon (1212-1222) · Isabella II of Jerusalem (1225–1228) · Isabella of England (1235–1241) · Bianca Lancia (1244?) · Margaret of Brabant (1311) · Margaret II of Hainault (1327-1347) · Anna of Świdnica (1355-1362) · Elizabeth of Pomerania (1363-1378) · Joanna of Bavaria (1378-1386) · Sophia of Bavaria (1389-1410) · Barbara of Cilli (1431-1437) · Elisabeth of Bohemia (1438-1439) · Eleanor of Portugal (1452-1467) · Bianca Maria Sforza (1508-1510) · Isabella of Portugal (1530-1539) · Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (1556-1547) · Maria of Austria (1564-1576) · Anna of Austria (1612-1618) · Eleonor Gonzaga (1622-1637) · Maria Anna of Austria (1637-1646) · Maria Leopoldine of Austria (1648-1649) · Eleonora Gonzaga (1651-1657) · Margarita Teresa of Austria (1666-1673) · Claudia Felicitas of Austria (1673-1676) · Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (1676-1705) · Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1705-1711) · Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1711-1740) · Maria Amalia of Austria (1742-1745) · Maria Theresa of Austria (1745-1765) · Maria Josepha of Bavaria (1765-1767) · Maria Luisa of Spain (1790-1792) · Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (1792-1806) · Joséphine de Beauharnais (1805-1810) · Marie Louise of Austria (1810-1814) · Margherita of Savoy (1878-1900) · Elena of Montenegro (1900-1946) · Marie José of Belgium (1946)Categories:- 1851 births
- 1926 deaths
- People from Turin (city)
- Italian people of Polish descent
- Italian queens consort
- Queen mothers
- Princesses of Savoy
- House of Savoy
- Italian princesses
- Princesses of Piedmont
- Italian people of German descent
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