Taxonomy of the Cactaceae

Here is the full taxonomy of the family Cactaceae.

ubfamily Cactoideae

Tribe Browningieae

*"Armatocereus" Backeb.

*"Browningia" Cárdenas, "Gymnocereus" Rauh & Backeb.

*"Jasminocereus" Britton & Rose

*"Neoraimondia" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Neocardenasia" Backeb.

*"Stetsonia" Britton & Rose

Tribe Cacteae

*"Acharagma" (N.P.Taylor) Glass

*"AriocarpusScheidw. - living rock:synonyms: "Anhalonium" Lem., "Neogomesia" Castañeda, "Neogomezia" Buxb. (orth. var.), "Roseocactus" A.Berger, "Stromatocactus" Karw. ex Rümpler (nom. inval.)

*"Astrophytum" Lem.:synonyms: "Astrophyton" Lawr. (orth. var.), "Maierocactus" E.C.Rost

*"Aztekium" Boed.

*"Coryphantha" (Engelm.) Lem. - beehive cactus:synonyms: "Aulacothele" Monv. (nom. inval.), "Cumarinia" Buxb., "Glandulifera" (Salm-Dyck) Fric, "Lepidocoryphantha" Backeb., "Roseia" Fric (nom. inval.)

*"Echinocactus" Link & Otto - barrel cactus:synonyms: "Brittonrosea" Speg., "Echinofossulocactus" Lawr., "Homalocephala" Britton & Rose

*"Echinomastus" Britton & Rose

*"Epithelantha" F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose - pingpong ball cactus

*"Escobaria" Britton & Rose - foxtail cactus, pincushion cactus:synonyms: "Cochiseia" W.H.Earle, "Escobesseya" Hester, "Fobea" Fric (nom. inval.), "Neobesseya" Britton & Rose

*"Ferocactus" Britton & Rose - barrel cactus:synonyms: "Bisnaga" Orcutt, "Brittonia" C.A.Armstr. (nom. inval.)

*"Geohintonia" Glass & W.A.Fitz Maur.

*"Leuchtenbergia" Hook.

*"Lophophora" J.M.Coult. - peyote

*"Mammillaria" Haw. - fishhook cactus, globe cactus, pincushion cactus, bird's-nest cactus:synonyms: "Bartschella" Britton & Rose, "Cactus" L., "Chilita" Orcutt, "Cochemiea" (K.Brandegee) Walton, "Dolichothele" (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, "Ebnerella" Buxb., "Haagea" Fric, "Krainzia" Backeb., "Lactomammillaria" Fric (nom. inval.), "Leptocladia" Buxb., "Leptocladodia" Buxb., "Mamillaria" F.Rchb. (orth. var.), "Mamillopsis" (E.Morren) F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose, "Mammariella" Shafer (nom. inval.), "Mammilaria" Torr. & A.Gray (orth. var.), "Neomammillaria" Britton & Rose, "Oehmea" Buxb., "Phellosperma" Britton & Rose, "Porfiria" Boed., "Pseudomammillaria" Buxb., "Solisia" Britton & Rose

*"Mammilloydia" Buxb.

*"Neolloydia" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Napina" Fric (nom. inval.), "Pseudosolisia" Y.Itô (nom. inval.)

*"Obregonia" Fric

*"Ortegocactus" Alexander

*"Pediocactus" Britton & Rose - hedgehog cactus:synonyms: "Navajoa" Croizat, "Pilocanthus" B.W.Benson & Backeb.

*"Pelecyphora" C.Ehrenb.:synonyms: "Encephalocarpus" A.Berger

*"Sclerocactus" Britton & Rose - fishhook cactus:synonyms: "Ancistrocactus" Britton & Rose, "Coloradoa" Boissev. & C.Davidson, "Glandulicactus" Backeb., "Toumeya" Britton & Rose

*"Stenocactus" (K.Schum.) A.W.Hill:synonyms: "Echinofossulocactus" Britton & Rose, "Efossus" Orcutt (orth. var.)

*"Strombocactus" Britton & Rose

*"Thelocactus" (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Hamatocactus" Britton & Rose, "Thelomastus" Fric (nom. inval.)

*"Turbinicarpus" (Backeb.) Buxb. & Backeb. - top cactus:synonyms: "Gymnocactus" Backeb., "Normanbokea" Kladiwa & Buxb., "Rapicactus" Buxb. & Oehme

Tribe Calymmantheae

*"Calymmanthium" F.Ritter:synonyms: "Diploperianthium" F.Ritter (nom. inval.)

Tribe Cereeae

*"Arrojadoa" Britton & Rose

*"Brasilicereus" Backeb.

*"Cereus" Mill. - sweet potato cactus:synonyms: "Mirabella" F.Ritter, "Piptanthocereus" (A.Berger) Riccob., "Subpilocereus" Backeb.

*"Cipocereus" F.Ritter:synonyms: "Floribunda" F.Ritter

*"Coleocephalocereus" Backeb.:synonyms: "Buiningia" Buxb.

*"Melocactus" Link & Otto:synonyms: "Cactus" Britton & Rose

*"Micranthocereus" Backeb.:synonyms: "Austrocephalocereus" Backeb., "Siccobaccatus" P.J.Braun & Esteves

*"Pierrebraunia" Esteves

*"Pilosocereus" Byles & G.D.Rowley - tree cactus:synonyms: "Pilocereus" K.Schum., "Pseudopilocereus" Buxb.

*"Praecereus" Buxb.

*"Stephanocereus" A.Berger

*"Uebelmannia" Buining

Tribe Hylocereeae

*"Disocactus" Lindl.:synonyms: "Aporocactus" Lem., "Aporocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Bonifazia" Standl. & Steyerm., "Chiapasia" Britton & Rose, "Disisocactus" Kunze (orth. var.), "Disocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Heliocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, "Lobeira" Alexander, "Mediocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Nopalxochia" Britton & Rose, "Pseudonopalxochia" Backeb., "Trochilocactus" Linding., "Wittia" K.Schum., "Wittiocactus" Rauschert

*"Epiphyllum" Haw. - climbing cactus:synonyms: "Phyllocactus" Link, "Phyllocereus" Miq.

*"Hylocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose - nightblooming cactus:synonyms: "Wilmattea" Britton & Rose

*"Selenicereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose - moonlight cactus, nightblooming cereus:synonyms: "Cryptocereus" Alexander, "Deamia" Britton & Rose, "Marniera" Backeb., "Mediocactus" Britton & Rose, "Strophocactus" Britton & Rose, "Strophocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)

*"Pseudorhipsalis" Britton & Rose

*"Weberocereus" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Eccremocactus" Britton & Rose, "Eccremocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Werckleocereus" Britton & Rose

Tribe Notocacteae

*"Austrocactus" Britton & Rose

*"Blossfeldia" Werderm.

*"Cintia" Knize & Ríha

*"Copiapoa" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Pilocopiapoa" F.Ritter

*"Eriosyce" Phil.:synonyms: "Ceratistes" Labour. (nom. inval.), "Chileniopsis" Backeb., "Chileocactus" Fric (nom. inval.), "Chileorebutia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Chiliorebutia" Fric (orth. var.), "Delaetia" Backeb., "Dracocactus" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Euporteria" Kreuz. & Buining, "Hildmannia" Kreuz. & Buining, "Horridocactus" Backeb., "Islaya" Backeb., "Neochilenia" Backeb. ex Dölz, "Neoporteria" Britton & Rose, "Neoporteria" Backeb., "Neotanahashia" Y.Itô, "Nichelia" Bullock (nom. inval.), "Pyrrhocactus" (A.Berger) A.W.Hill, "Rodentiophila" F.Ritter ex Backeb., "Thelocephala" Y.Itô

*"Eulychnia" Phil.:synonyms: "Philippicereus" Backeb.

*"Frailea" Britton & Rose

*"Neowerdermannia" Fric

*"Parodia" Speg.:synonyms: "Acanthocephala" Backeb., "Brasilicactus" Backeb., "Brasiliparodia" F.Ritter, "Brasilocactus" Fric (nom. inval.), "Chrysocactus" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Dactylanthocactus" Y.Itô, "Eriocactus" Backeb., "Eriocephala" Backeb., "Friesia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Hickenia" Britton & Rose, "Malacocarpus" Salm-Dyck, "Microspermia" Fric, "Neohickenia" Fric, "Notocactus" (K.Schum.) Fric, "Sericocactus" Y.Itô, "Wigginsia" D.M.Porter

*"Yavia" R.Kiesling & Piltz

Tribe Pachycereeae

*"Acanthocereus" (Engelm. ex A.Berger) Britton & Rose - triangle cactus:synonyms: "Dendrocereus" Britton & Rose, "Monvillea" Britton & Rose

*"Bergerocactus" Britton & Rose - snakecactus:synonyms: "Bergerocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)

*"Carnegiea" Britton & Rose - carnegia, saguaro

*"Cephalocereus" Pfeiff. - old man cactus:synonyms: "Haseltonia" Backeb., "Neodawsonia" Backeb., "Pilocereus" Lem.

*"Corryocactus" Britton & Rose:synonym: "Corryocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Erdisia" Britton & Rose, "Eulychnocactus" Backeb. (nom. inval.)

*"Echinocereus" Engelm. - hedgehog cactus:synonyms: "Morangaya" G.D.Rowley, "Wilcoxia" Britton & Rose

*"Escontria" Rose

*"Leptocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Neoabbottia" Britton & Rose

*×"Myrtgerocactus" Moran [= Myrtillocactus × Bergerocactus]

*"Myrtillocactus" Console:synonyms: "Myrtillocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)

*"Neobuxbaumia" Backeb.:synonyms: "Pseudomitrocereus" Bravo & Buxb., "Rooksbya" Backeb.

*×"Pacherocactus" G.D.Rowley [= Pachycereus × Bergerocactus]

*"Pachycereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Backebergia" Bravo, "Lemaireocereus" Britton & Rose, "Lophocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, "Marginatocereus" (Backeb.) Backeb., "Mitrocereus" (Backeb.) Backeb., "Pterocereus" T.MacDoug. & Miranda

*"Peniocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Cullmannia" Distefano, "Neoevansia" W.T.Marshall, "Nyctocereus" (A.Berger) Britton & Rose

*"Polaskia" Backeb.:synonyms: "Chichipia" Backeb. (nom. inval.), "Heliabravoa" Backeb.

*"Pseudoacanthocereus" F.Ritter

*"Stenocereus" (A.Berger) Riccob.:synonyms: "Hertrichocereus" Backeb., "Isolatocereus" Backeb., "Isolatocereus" (Backeb.) Backeb., "Machaerocereus" Britton & Rose, "Marshallocereus" Backeb., "Neolemaireocereus" Backeb., "Rathbunia" Britton & Rose, "Ritterocereus" Backeb.

Tribe Rhipsalideae

*"Lepismium" Pfeiff.:synonyms: "Acanthorhipsalis" (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, "Acanthorhipsalis" Kimnach, "Pfeiffera" Salm-Dyck

*"Rhipsalis" Gaertn.:synonyms: "Cassytha" Mill., "Erythrorhipsalis" A.Berger, "Hariota" Adans., "Lymanbensonia" Kimnach

*"Hatiora" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Epiphyllopsis" Backeb. & F.M.Knuth, "Hariota" DC., "Pseudozygocactus" Backeb., "Rhipsalidopsis" Britton & Rose

*"Schlumbergera" Lem. - holiday cactus:synonyms: "Epiphyllanthus" A.Berger, "Epiphyllum" Pfeiff., "Opuntiopsis" Knebel (nom. inval.), "Zygocactus" K.Schum., "Zygocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)

Tribe Trichocereeae

*"Acanthocalycium" Backeb.:synonyms: "Spinicalycium" Fric (nom. inval.)

*"Arthrocereus" A.Berger

*"Brachycereus" Britton & Rose

*"Cleistocactus" Lem.:synonyms: "Akersia" Buining, "Bolivicereus" Cárdenas, "Borzicactella" H.Johnson ex F.Ritter, "Borzicactus" Riccob, "Borzicereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Cephalocleistocactus" F.Ritter, "Cleistocereus" Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), "Clistanthocereus" Backeb., "Demnosa" Fric, "Gymnanthocereus" Backeb., "Hildewintera" F.Ritter, "Loxanthocereus" Backeb., "Maritimocereus" Akers, "Pseudoechinocereus" Buining (nom. inval.), "Seticereus" Backeb., "Seticleistocactus" Backeb., "Winteria" F.Ritter, "Winterocereus" Backeb.

*"Denmoza" Britton & Rose

*"Discocactus" Pfeiff.

*"Echinopsis" Zucc. - San Pedro:synonyms: "Acantholobivia" Backeb., "Acanthopetalus" Y.Itô, "Andenea" Fric (nom. inval.), "Aureilobivia" Fric, nom. inval., "Chamaecereus" Britton & Rose, "Chamaelobivia" Y. Itô (nom. inval.), "Cinnabarinea" Fric ex F.Ritter, "Echinolobivia" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Echinonyctanthus" Lem., "Furiolobivia" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Helianthocereus" Backeb, "Heterolobivia" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Hymenorebulobivia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Hymenorebutia" Fric ex Buining, "Leucostele" Backeb., "Lobirebutia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Lobivia" Britton & Rose, "Lobiviopsis" Fric (nom. inval.), "Megalobivia" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Mesechinopsis" Y.Itô, "Neolobivia" Y.Itô, "Pilopsis" Y.Itô (nom. inval.), "Pseudolobivia" (Backeb.) Backeb., "Rebulobivia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Salpingolobivia" Y.Itô, "Scoparebutia" Fric & Kreuz. ex Buining, "Setiechinopsis" (Backeb.) de Haas, "Soehrensia" Backeb., "Trichocereus" (A.Berger) Riccob.

*"Espostoa" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Binghamia" Britton & Rose, "Pseudoespostoa" Backeb., "Thrixanthocereus" Backeb., "Vatricania" Backeb.

*"Espostoopsis" Buxb.:synonyms: "Gerocephalus" F.Ritter

*"Facheiroa" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Zehntnerella" Britton & Rose

*"Gymnocalycium" Pfeiff. ex Mittler - Chin cactus:synonyms: "Brachycalycium" Backeb.

*"Haageocereus" Backeb.:synonyms: "Floresia" Krainz & F.Ritter ex Backeb. (nom. inval.), "Haageocactus" Backeb. (nom. inval.), "Lasiocereus" F.Ritter, "Neobinghamia" Backeb., "Peruvocereus" Akers

*×"Haagespostoa" G.D.Rowley [= Haageocereus × Espostoa]

*"Harrisia" Britton - applecactus:synonyms: "Eriocereus" (A.Berger) Riccob., "Roseocereus" Backeb.

*"Leocereus" Britton & Rose

*"Matucana" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Eomatucana" F.Ritter

*"Mila" Britton & Rose

*"Oreocereus" (A.Berger) Riccob.:synonyms: "Arequipa" Britton & Rose, "Arequipiopsis" Kreuz. & Buining, "Morawetzia" Backeb., "Submatucana" Backeb.

*"Oroya" Britton & Rose

*"Pygmaeocereus" H.Johnson & Backeb.

*"Rauhocereus" Backeb.

*"Rebutia" K.Schum.:synonyms: "Aylostera" Speg., "Bridgesia" Backeb., "Cylindrorebutia" Fric & Kreuz., "Digitorebutia" Fric & Kreuz., "Echinorebutia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Eurebutia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Gymnantha" Y.Itô, "Mediolobivia" Backeb., "Mediorebutia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Neogymnantha" Y.Itô, "Reicheocactus" Backeb., "Setirebutia" Fric & Kreuz. (nom. inval.), "Spegazzinia" Backeb., "Sulcorebutia" Backeb., "Weingartia" Werderm.

*"Samaipaticereus" Cárdenas

*"Weberbauerocereus" Backeb.:synonyms: "Meyenia" Backeb.

*"Yungasocereus" F.Ritter

ubfamily Maihuenioideae

*"Maihuenia" (Phil. ex F.A.C.Weber) K.Schum.

ubfamily Opuntioideae

Tribe Austrocylindropuntieae

*"Austrocylindropuntia" Backeb.

*"Cumulopuntia" F.Ritter

Tribe Cylindropuntieae

*"Corynopuntia" F.M.Knuth:synonyms: "Marenopuntia" Backeb.

*"Cylindropuntia" (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth - chollas

*"Grusonia" F.Rchb. ex Britton & Rose

*"Micropuntia" Daston

*"Pereskiopsis" Britton & Rose:synonyms: "Peireskiopsis" Vaupel (orth. var.)

*"Quiabentia" Britton & Rose

Tribe Opuntieae

*"Brasiliopuntia" (K.Schum.) A.Berger

*"Consolea" Lem.
*"Miqueliopuntia" Fric ex F.Ritter

*"Opuntia" Mill. - prickly pears:synonyms:"Airampoa" Fric, "Cactodendron" Bigelow, nom. inval., "Cactus" Lem., "Chaffeyopuntia" Fric & Schelle, "Clavarioidia" Kreuz. (nom. inval.), "Ficindica" St.-Lag., "Nopalea" Salm-Dyck, "Parviopuntia" Soulaire & Marn.-Lap. (nom. inval.), "Phyllarthus" Neck. ex M.Gómez (nom. inval.), "Salmiopuntia" Fric (nom. inval.), "Subulatopuntia" Fric & Schelle, "Tunas" Lunell, "Weberiopuntia" Fric

*"Tacinga" Britton & Rose

*"Tunilla" D.R.Hunt & Iliff

Tribe Pterocacteae

*"Pterocactus" K.Schum.

Tribe Tephrocacteae

*"Maihueniopsis" Speg.:synonyms: "Puna" R.Kiesling

*"Tephrocactus" Lem.:synonyms: "Pseudotephrocactus" Fric,

ubfamily Pereskioideae

*"Pereskia" Mill.:synonyms: "Peirescia" Zucc. (orth. var.), "Peireskia" Steud. (orth. var.), "Perescia" Lem. (orth. var.), "Rhodocactus" (A.Berger) F.M.Knuth