North Reef Light

North Reef Light
North Reef Light
North Reef Light from above.jpg
North Reef Light from the air, 2007
North Reef Light is located in Queensland
Location North Reef, Queensland, Australia
Coordinates 23°11′07.36″S 151°54′13.67″E / 23.1853778°S 151.9037972°E / -23.1853778; 151.9037972Coordinates: 23°11′07.36″S 151°54′13.67″E / 23.1853778°S 151.9037972°E / -23.1853778; 151.9037972
Year first constructed 1878
Construction timber frame clad with galvanised wrought iron
Tower shape conical
Markings / pattern white, red dome
Height 80 feet (24 m)[1]
Focal height 75 feet (23 m)
Current lens VRB-25
Intensity 35,050 cd
Range 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi)
Characteristic Fl.(2)W. 15s
Racon Q
Admiralty number K3014
NGA number 111-10312
ARLHS number AUS-122

North Reef Light is an active lighthouse located on North Reef, a 5.6 square kilometres (2.2 sq mi) planar reef,[2] about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Gladstone, Queensland, Australia. The lighthouse was constructed on a migratory patch of sand inside a fringing coral reef, which over the years disappeared and reappeared, as sand was washed away and accumulated, and is now a vegetated sandy island. Its construction is unique, having a hollow concrete base that both gives it resistance to the shifting nature of the sandbar and serves as a fresh water tank.[3] As such, it is considered one of the major achievement in Australian lighthouse construction.[4] It is also notable in that due to the harsh conditions, only bachelors were allowed to serve as lighthouse keepers.[3] At 24 metres (79 ft) it is also the tallest of Queensland's timber framed iron clad lighthouses.[5]

Contents

History

Plan of the lighthouse, 1876

The recommendation to establish a lighthouse on North Reef was made by a select parliamentary committee in 1864. The site was then a small sandbank on a coral reef. The proposal called for a cast iron cylindrical tower, 12 metres (39 ft) in diameter and 15 metres (49 ft) tall, which would rest on the coral, penetrating the sand. A hollow base would be formed by pouring concrete into the cylinder, which would also serve as a fresh water tank, and the residence will surround it.[4] Tenders were called in January 1876, and the winning offer was for £7,964 by Walker and Company of Maryborough. Construction was to be completed in by July 1877 but delays, first in approval of the money and then in construction, delayed the completion until November 1878.[4]

The base of the tower, 13 metres (43 ft) in diameter and 4.6 metres (15 ft) high, was constructed of bolted cast iron segments.[5] Both the tower and the dwellings were constructed of timber frame, clad in galvanized iron.[4] The original optical apparatus was a second order lens.[5]

Conditions at the lighthouse were harsh. The location is remote, the quarters were cramped, and the shifting sands sometimes left the lighthouse surrounded by water. The lighthouse keepers chosen were therefore only single, unmarried men.[3][5]

The light source was upgraded twice, in 1923 and in 1929.[4] In 1977 the light was converted to electricity[4] and it was demanned in January 1978.[6] The final upgrade was on 28 September 1987 when the light was converted to solar power[6] and six solar panels were installed on the roof of the quarters, facing north.[4]

Current display

The current light characteristic is two white flashes, separated by five seconds, every 15 seconds (Fl.(2)W. 15s), visible for 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi). A racon on the tower transmits morse code "Q" (– – • –).[7] The apparatus is a VRB-25, rotating at 2 rpm, and the light source is a 12 Volt 35 Watt Halogen lamp with an intensity of 35,050 cd.[6]

Structure

floor plans, note the plan of the keepers' residence
A 1949 photo of the lighthouse

As mentioned above, the lighthouse base is made of bolted cast iron segments, 13 metres (43 ft) in diameter and 4.6 metres (15 ft) high.[5] The tower is 18 metres (59 ft) from the base to the lantern[6], conical in shape, with four intermediate floor levels.[5] It is built of an internal timber frame, clad with galvanised wrought iron plates,[8] painted white.[9] On top of the tower is a Chance Brothers 10 feet 9 inches (3.28 m) diameter lantern, housing the VRB-25 beacon.[6] The dome of the lantern is painted red.[9]

The lighthouse keepers' residence surrounds the base of the tower. They comprise a ring of eight rooms, three bed rooms, two sitting rooms, two kitchens, and a store room. They are constructed of a timber frame with galvanised iron roof. The external walls are covered with corrugated galvanised iron sheets.[5]

Site operation and visiting

The site and the light are operated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority. The island is accessible by boat, but both the site and the light are closed to the public.[9]

See also

  • List of lighthouses and lightvessels in Australia
 
Search Wikimedia Commons
   Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Notes

  1. ^ List of Lights. Rowlett lists a close "24 m (78 ft)".
  2. ^ "AIMS Research - Reef Monitoring". data.aims.gov.au. http://data.aims.gov.au/reefpage2/reefpage.jsp?fullReefID=23045A. Retrieved 23 February 2011. 
  3. ^ a b c Lighthouses of Australia Inc.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g AHD16455.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Marquis-Kyle 2009, p. 4.
  6. ^ a b c d e AN376-01.
  7. ^ List of Lights
  8. ^ Marquis-Kyle 2009, pp. 1,4.
  9. ^ a b c Rowlett.

References

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • North Dumpling Light — North Dumpling Lighthouse Location Fisher s Island sound in Long Island Sound, New York Coordinates …   Wikipedia

  • DeTour Reef Light — Location Lake Huron, Michigan Coordinates …   Wikipedia

  • Creal Reef Light — Creal Reef Light …   Wikipedia

  • Poe Reef Light — Infobox Lighthouse caption = The light in 2001 location = Lake Huron, Michigan coordinates = coord|45|41|13.19|N|84|26|37.19|W yearbuilt = 1927 yearlit = 1929 automated = 1974 yeardeactivated = foundation = Concrete crib construction = Concrete… …   Wikipedia

  • Colchester Reef Light — For the lighthouse south of Colchester, Ontario, see Colchester Reef Light (Lake Erie, West). Colchester Reef Light the light at the museum (NPS) Location originally west of Colchester Point in Lake Champlain; now on grounds of Shelburne Museum… …   Wikipedia

  • North Brother Island Light — Location North Brother Island, New York Harbor Coordinates …   Wikipedia

  • North Point Lighthouse — This article is about the lighthouse in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. For the lighthouse in Queensland, Australia, see North Point Hummock Light. North Point Lighthouse North Point Lighthouse in Lake Park Location Milwaukee, Wisconsin Coordinates …   Wikipedia

  • North Island (Houtman Abrolhos) — North Island Aerial photograph of the southern half of North Island, looking west …   Wikipedia

  • North Carr — is NE of Crail, at the mouth of the Firth of Forth The North Carr Reef (also known as North Carr Shoals, Carr Briggs North Carr Rocks) is a sandstone reef northeast of Edinburgh, on the headland between the Firth of Forth and St Andrews Bay.… …   Wikipedia

  • North Carolina Aquariums — A Live Dive! program at the North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”