Naum Veqilharxhi

Born	Naum Bredhi December 6, 1797 Vithkuq, Korçë southern Albania
Died	1854[1] (Aged 57)
Occupation	lawyer
Language	Albanian
Ethnicity	Albanian
Notable work(s)	Evëtor

Naum Veqilharxhi born Naum Bredhi (1797-1854^[1]) was an Albanian lawyer and scholar. In 1844, he created a unique alphabet for the Albanian language using characters he had created himself, the Vithkuqi script. Veqilharxhi is one of most prominent figures of the early Albanian National Awakening.

Life

Naum Veqilharxhi was born Naum Bredhi in 1797 in the village of Vithkuq, near Korçë southern Albania. His father Panajot Bredhi was a steward of Ali Pashë Tepelena, the ruler of the Pashalik of Janina. At an early age Veqilharxhi migrated to Romania to study law. As a student he took part in the Wallachian uprising of 1821. A few years later he worked in Brăila as a lawyer, became wealthy and used his money to promote the ideas of the Albanian National Awakening.^[2] In Brăila he joined an intellectual organization of Albanians, who considered the development of Albanian language and culture necessary for the Albanian National Awakening.^[2]

In 1825, he started the creation of his alphabet of the Albanian language. The final version of his thirty-three-letter alphabet, whose characters were invented by Veqilharxhi was printed as part of primer in 1844-5 titled Evëtori Shqip Fort i Shkurtër (English: The most Useful and Concise Albanian Alphabet).^[3] Veqilharxhi avoided the use of Latin, Greek or Arabic alphabets and characters because of their religious associations and divisions^[4] Veqilarxhi's Evëtor first distributed in Korçë and later westwards as far as Berat, where it reached great success.^[5] On April 22, 1845 Athanas Paskali, one of the notable people of Korçë along with others sent him a letter requesting as many more copies as possible.^[5]

In 1845 Veqilharxhi sent a polemic open letter written in the Greek language to his nephew, who had dared call his patriotic ideas chimera: the letter is considered to be one of the first written documents to record the main ideas of the Albanian National Awakening movement.^[6]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Islami, Selim (1984) (in Albanian). Historia e Shqiperise. 2. Academy of Sciences of Albania. p. 134. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Treptow, Kurt (1992). From Zalmoxis to Jan Palach: studies in East European history. East European monographs. 328. East European Monographs. p. 98. ISBN 0880332255. http://books.google.com/books?id=slVpAAAAMAAJ&q=Naum+Veqilharxhi&dq=Naum+Veqilharxhi&hl=en&ei=QycuTPPlKYP68Ab0rZG2Aw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBzgK. 
3. ^ Norris, H.T (1993). Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world. University of South Carolina Press. p. 247. ISBN 0872499774. http://books.google.com/books?id=RGmzir-ITtUC&pg=PA247&dq=Naum+Bredhi&hl=en&ei=-CcuTMTGKoG78gamzv2EAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Naum%20Bredhi&f=false. 
4. ^ Straehle, Carolin (1974). International journal of the sociology of language. Mouton. p. 5. http://books.google.com/books?id=fvhhAAAAMAAJ&q=Naum+Veqilharxhi&dq=Naum+Veqilharxhi&hl=en&ei=ZScuTNHXOcT68Abu6f2SAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBzgU. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Michelson, Paul (2002). National development in Romania and southeastern Europe. Center for Romanian Studies. p. 54. ISBN 9739432379. http://books.google.com/books?id=8OCgAAAAMAAJ&q=Athanase+Pascali&dq=Athanase+Pascali&hl=en&ei=ZoIvTNG-Bs-psQa4zci2Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ. 
6. ^ Islami, p.137

Persondata
Name	Veqilharxhi, Naum
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	December 6, 1797
Place of birth	Vithkuq, Korçë southern Albania
Date of death	1848
Place of death