Oenocarpus bataua

Oenocarpus bataua
Oenocarpus bataua
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Angiospermae
Class: Liliopsida
Subclass: Commelinidae
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Tribe: Areceae
Subtribe: Euterpeinae
Genus: Oenocarpus
Species: O. bacaba
Binomial name
Oenocarpus bataua
Mart. 1823[1]
Varieties

O. b. var. bataua (Mart.) Burret
O. b. var. oligocarpa (Griseb. & H.Wendl.) A.J.Hend.

The patawa, sehe, hungurahua (Ecuador) or mingucha (Oenocarpus bataua or Jessenia bataua) is a palm tree native to the Amazonia, that produce eatable fruits rich in high quality oil.[2]

Contents

Distribution and habitat

It is proper of the tropical rainforest and abundant in the wet zones at elevations less than 1000 m, from Panamá to South America: Colombia, Venezuela, Guyanas, Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru.[3]

Description

Its stem is solitary, erect, 10–25 m (33–82 ft) in height and 2–3 dm (8–12 in) diameter, smooth, ring-shaped. It has 10–16 leaves terminals, petiole 10–50 cm, rachis 3–7 m long; with leaflets up till 2 m long and 15 cm breadth, approximately 100 to each side, placed in the same plane.[4]

The blossom is 1–2 m long, with about 300 rachilas up till 1.3 m length. The flowers are yellow with sepals 2 mm and petals 7 mm long.[4]

Uses

Traditionally the aboriginals have collected the fruit and mature it in tepid water in order to prepare drunks and also to extract oil[4]: its drupes, contains 8–10% oil. The fresh meolo is eatable too. Besides, in these palm grow eatable larvas of Rhynchophorus.[5]

The oil is used by traditional medicine to mitigate cough and bronchitis[2] and to fortify the hair.

The rachis have been used to manufacture arrows and the leaves to make baskets ant construct provisional housings.[4]

In the future, this palm could be industrialized for oil production,[2] because its quality and its adaptation in poor soils and its abundant production of fruits.

Synonyms

  • Oenocarpus batawa Wallace (1853), orth. var.
  • Jessenia polycarpa H.Karst. (1857).
  • Jessenia oligocarpa Griseb. & H.Wendl. ex Griseb. (1864)
  • Jessenia repanda Engl. (1865).
  • Jessenia bataua (Mart.) Burret (1928).
  • Jessenia weberbaueri Burret (1929).[3]

References

  1. ^ Martius, Carl von. 1823. Historia Naturalis Palmarum II: 23. Lipsiae (Leipzig): T.O. Weigel.
  2. ^ a b c Vallejo Rendón, Darío 2002. "Oenocarpus bataua, seje"; Colombia Amazónica, separata especies promisorias 1. Corporación Colombiana para la Amazonia –Araracuara- COA.
  3. ^ a b "Oenocarpus bataua var. bataua". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?accepted_id=138050&repSynonym_id=-9998&name_id=138050&status=true. Retrieved 17 de agosto de 2009. 
  4. ^ a b c d Galeano, Gloria 1991. Las palmas de la región del Araracuara. Bogotá: TOPEMBOS - Universidad Nacional. Segunda edición, 1992, p.p. 146-148.
  5. ^ La Rotta, Constanza 1990. Especies utilizadas por la Comunidad Miraña: 296-297. Bogotá: WWF - FEN.

External links


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