DEFA4

DEFA4
Defensin, alpha 4, corticostatin

PDB rendering based on 1zmm.
Identifiers
Symbols DEFA4; DEF4; HNP-4; HP-4; HP4; MGC120099; MGC138296
External IDs OMIM601157 HomoloGene48059 GeneCards: DEFA4 Gene
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 1669 n/a
Ensembl ENSG00000164821 n/a
UniProt P12838 n/a
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001925 n/a
RefSeq (protein) NP_001916 n/a
Location (UCSC) Chr 8:
6.79 – 6.8 Mb
n/a
PubMed search [1] n/a

Defensin, alpha 4 (DEFA4), also known as neutrophil defensin 4 or HNP4, is a human defensin peptide that is encoded by the DEFA4 gene.[1][2] The human variant of the peptide is known as human alpha defensin 4 or human neutrophil peptide 4 (HNP4). HNP4 is expressed in the granules of the neutrophil where it defends the host against bacteria[3] and viruses.[4]

Function

Defensins are a peptide family of cytotoxic microbicides involved in innate immunity.[5] Members of the defensin family are distinguished by a conserved six-cysteine motif. Several human alpha defensin genes including HNP4 are clustered on chromosome 8. DEFA4 differs from other defensin genes by an extra 83-base segment that is apparently the result of a recent duplication within the coding region. HNP4 inhibits corticotropin-stimulated corticosterone production.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: DEFA4; defensin, alpha 4, corticostatin (Homo sapiens)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1669. 
  2. ^ Wu Z, Ericksen B, Tucker K, et al. (2004). "Synthesis and characterization of human alpha-defensins 4-6.". J Pept Res. 64 (3): 118–25. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00179.x. PMID 15317502. 
  3. ^ Ericksen B, Wu Z, Lu W, Lehrer RI. (2005). "Antibacterial activity and specificity of the six human alpha defensins.". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 49 (1): 269–75. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.1.269-275.2005. PMC 538877. PMID 15616305. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=538877. 
  4. ^ Wu Z, Cocchi F, Gentles D et al. (3 January 2005). "Human neutrophil alpha-defensin 4 inhibits HIV-1 infection in vitro". FEBS Lett 2005 January 3:162-6 579 (1): 162–6. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.11.062. PMID 15620707. 
  5. ^ T Ganz, M E Selsted, D Szklarek et al. (1985). "Defensins. Natural peptide antibiotics of human neutrophils.". J Clin Invest 76 (4): 1427–1435. doi:10.1172/JCI112120. PMC 424093. PMID 2997278. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=424093. 

Further reading





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