Clavatula

Clavatula
Apertural view of Clavatula muricata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Conoidea
Family:	Clavatulidae
Genus:	Clavatula Lamarck, 1801

Clavatula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.^{[1] [2]}

Description

In this genus, the shell is fusiform, with a well-produced spire. The whorls are coronated with tubercles or short spines at the suture;. The aperture is oval. The columellar lip is smooth, arcuate, and callous behind. The outer lip is thin and arcuated, with the anal sinus situated below the sutural coronal. The operculum is semioval with its nucleus about the middle, on the inner side. The foot is large, short and obtuse behind. The eyes are placed externally near the extremity of the tentacles. The radula contains a small unicuspid central tooth with single sharp laterals (formula :1-1-1).

The species mostly inhabits the west coast of Africa. ^[3]

Species

Species within the genus Clavatula include:

• Clavatula annielonae Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007^[4]
• Clavatula asamusiensis Nomura & Zinbo, 1940^[5]
• Clavatula bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822)^[6]
• Clavatula caerulea (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1875)^[7]
• Clavatula christianae Nolf, 2011
• Clavatula colini Von Maltzan, 1883^[8]
• Clavatula congoensis Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008^[9]
• Clavatula coronata Lamarck, 1801^[10]
• Clavatula cossignanii Ardovini, 2004^[11]
• Clavatula decorata Sowerby III, 1916^[12]
• Clavatula delphinae Nolf, 2008^[13]
• Clavatula diadema (Kiener, 1840)^[14]
• Clavatula filograna Odhner, 1923^[15]
• Clavatula flammulata Knudsen, 1952^[16]
• Clavatula gabonensis Melvill, 1923^[17]
• Clavatula gracilior Sowerby II, 1870^[18]
• Clavatula hattenbergeri Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008^[19]
• Clavatula helena Bartsch, 1915^[20]
• Clavatula imperialis Lamarck^[21]
• Clavatula knudseni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007^[22]
• Clavatula kraepelini (Strebel, 1914)^[23]
• Clavatula lelieuri (Récluz, 1851)^[24]
• Clavatula marmarina (Watson, 1881)^[25]
• Clavatula martensi Von Maltzan, 1883^[26]
• Clavatula matthiasi Nolf, 2008^[27]
• Clavatula milleti (Petit de la Saussaye, 1851)^[28]
• Clavatula muricata (Lamarck, 1822)^[29]
• Clavatula mystica (Reeve, 1843)^[30]
• Clavatula nathaliae Nolf, 2006^[31]
• Clavatula obesa Reeve^[32]
• Clavatula perronii (Reeve, 1843)^[33]
• Clavatula petzyae Boyer & Ryall, 2006^[34]
• Clavatula pfefferi (Strebel, 1912)^[35]
• Clavatula pseudomystica Nolf, 2008^[36]
• Clavatula quinteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006^[37]
• Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845)^[38]
• Clavatula sacerdos (Reeve, 1845)^[39]
• Clavatula smithi Knudsen, 1952^[40]
• Clavatula solangeae Bozzetti, 2006^[41]
• Clavatula spirata Lamarck^[42]
• Clavatula strebeli Knudsen, 1952^[43]
• Clavatula subspirata (Martens, 1902)^[44]
• Clavatula taxea (Röding, 1798)^[45]
• Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876)^[46]
• Clavatula virgineus (Dillwyn, 1817)^[47]
• Clavatula xanteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006^[48]

Species brought into synonymy 

• Clavatula albicans Hinds, 1843 : synonym of Splendrillia albicans (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula amabilis Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Tritonoturris amabilis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula argillacea Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Etrema argillacea (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula bella Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Bellacythara bella (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula candida Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Glyphostoma candida (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula candida (Philippi, 1848)  : synonym of Pusionella valida (Dunker, 1852)
• Clavatula coelata Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Crassispira coelata (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula ericea Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Lioglyphostoma ericea (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula fimbriata Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Daphnellopsis fimbriata (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula flammea Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Daphnella flammea (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula fulva Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Clavus fulva (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula griffithii Gray, 1834  : synonym of Ptychobela griffithii (Gray, 1834)
• Clavatula haliplex Bartsch, 1915  : synonym of Toxiclionella haliplex (Bartsch, 1915)
• Clavatula halistrepta Bartsch, 1915  : synonym of Clionella halistrepta (Bartsch, 1915)
• Clavatula impressa Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Kylix impressa (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula laeta Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Clavus laeta (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula lineata Lamarck, 1816  : synonym of Perrona lineata (Lamarck, 1816)
• Clavatula lobatopsis Barnard, 1963  : synonym of Clionella lobatopsis (Barnard, 1963)
• Clavatula merita Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Tenaturris merita (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula metula Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Mitromorpha metula (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula micans Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Globidrillia micans (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula neglecta Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Glyphostoma neglecta (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula occata Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Diptychophlia occata (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula pardalis Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Anachis pardalis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula plumbea Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Kurtziella plumbea (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula pudica Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Agladrillia pudica (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula pungens Gould, 1860  : synonym of Veprecula pungens (Gould, 1860)
• Clavatula pyramis Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Pseudorhaphitoma pyramis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula quisqualis Hinds, 1843 : synonym of Leptadrillia quisqualis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula rava Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Clathurella rava (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula rigida Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Clathurella rigida (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula robusta Hinds, 1843 : synonym of Cheungbeia robusta (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula rubida Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Lienardia rubida (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula rubiginosa Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Otitoma rubiginosa (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula rubrofasciata Reeve  : synonym of Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845)
• Clavatula sculpta Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Rimosodaphnella sculpta (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula sinensis Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Crassispira sinensis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula spicata Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Inquisitor spicata (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula spurca Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Etrema spurca (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula striata Gray, 1826 : synonym of Epideira striata (Gray, 1826)
• Clavatula tessellata Hinds, 1843  : synonym of Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843)
• Clavatula tumida Sowerby II, 1870  : synonym of Toxiclionella tumida (Sowerby II, 1870)

References

1. ^ Clavatula Lamarck, 1801.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=204726 on 6 April 2011.
2. ^ P. Bouchet, Yu. I. Kantor, A. Sysoev & N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017. 
3. ^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI p. 157; 1884
4. ^ Clavatula annielonae Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433245 on 15 April 2010.
5. ^ Clavatula asamusiensis Nomura & Zinbo, 1940.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433246 on 15 April 2010.
6. ^ Clavatula bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224384 on 15 April 2010.
7. ^ Clavatula caerulea (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1875).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433247 on 15 April 2010.
8. ^ Clavatula colini Von Maltzan, 1883.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433249 on 15 April 2010.
9. ^ Clavatula congoensis Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433250 on 15 April 2010.
10. ^ Clavatula coronata Lamarck, 1801.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433251 on 15 April 2010.
11. ^ Clavatula cossignanii Ardovini, 2004.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=388588 on 15 April 2010.
12. ^ Clavatula decorata Sowerby III, 1916.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433252 on 15 April 2010.
13. ^ Clavatula delphinae Nolf, 2008.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433253 on 15 April 2010.
14. ^ Clavatula diadema (Kiener, 1840).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225503 on 15 April 2010.
15. ^ Clavatula filograna Odhner, 1923.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433254 on 15 April 2010.
16. ^ Clavatula flammulata Knudsen, 1952.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225505 on 15 April 2010.
17. ^ Clavatula gabonensis Melvill, 1923.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433255 on 15 April 2010.
18. ^ Clavatula gracilior Sowerby II, 1870.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433256 on 15 April 2010.
19. ^ Clavatula hattenbergeri Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433257 on 15 April 2010.
20. ^ Clavatula helena Bartsch, 1915.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=215594 on 15 April 2010.
21. ^ Clavatula imperialis Lamarck.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224445 on 15 April 2010.
22. ^ Clavatula knudseni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433258 on 15 April 2010.
23. ^ Clavatula kraepelini (Strebel, 1914).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225508 on 15 April 2010.
24. ^ Clavatula lelieuri (Récluz, 1851).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225510 on 15 April 2010.
25. ^ Clavatula marmarina (Watson, 1881).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433259 on 15 April 2010.
26. ^ Clavatula martensi Von Maltzan, 1883.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433260 on 15 April 2010.
27. ^ Clavatula matthiasi Nolf, 2008.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433261 on 15 April 2010.
28. ^ Clavatula milleti (Petit de la Saussaye, 1851).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433262 on 15 April 2010.
29. ^ Clavatula muricata (Lamarck, 1822).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225513 on 15 April 2010.
30. ^ Clavatula mystica (Reeve, 1843).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=345762 on 15 April 2010.
31. ^ Clavatula nathaliae Nolf, 2006.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390482 on 15 April 2010.
32. ^ Clavatula obesa Reeve.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225090 on 15 April 2010.
33. ^ Clavatula perronii (Reeve, 1843).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433263 on 15 April 2010.
34. ^ Clavatula petzyae Boyer & Ryall, 2006.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390427 on 15 April 2010.
35. ^ Clavatula pfefferi (Strebel, 1912).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225514 on 15 April 2010.
36. ^ Clavatula pseudomystica Nolf, 2008.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433264 on 15 April 2010.
37. ^ Clavatula quinteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390483 on 15 April 2010.
38. ^ Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433265 on 15 April 2010.
39. ^ Clavatula sacerdos (Reeve, 1845).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433266 on 15 April 2010.
40. ^ Clavatula smithi Knudsen, 1952.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433267 on 15 April 2010.
41. ^ Clavatula solangeae Bozzetti, 2006.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390484 on 15 April 2010.
42. ^ Clavatula spirata Lamarck.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224447 on 15 April 2010.
43. ^ Clavatula strebeli Knudsen, 1952.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225507 on 15 April 2010.
44. ^ Clavatula subspirata (Martens, 1902).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=432627 on 15 April 2010.
45. ^ Clavatula taxea (Röding, 1798).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=215593 on 15 April 2010.
46. ^ Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=215592 on 15 April 2010.
47. ^ Clavatula virgineus (Dillwyn, 1817).  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=433268 on 15 April 2010.
48. ^ Clavatula xanteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006.  Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=390485 on 15 April 2010.

External links