Sayyid Sahib Husayni

Infobox_Muslim scholars | notability = Sufi and Muslim Scholar| era = Islamic golden age| color = #cef2e0 |

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| image_caption = Portrait of Hazrat Sayyid Sāhib Ḥusaynī |
| name = Sayyid Sāhib Ḥusaynī | title= Qādiri , | birth = 1805 CE (1219 AH) in Tekmal| death = January 9, 1880 CE (26 Muharram 1297 AH) in Tekmal| Maddhab = Sunni Sufi| school tradition= Qadiriyyah| Ethnicity =
Region = | notable idea=
main_interests = Sufism| influences = Disciple of Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri
notable idea= |

Hazrat Sayyid Sāhib Ḥusaynī (Urdu: ﺳﻴﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺣﺳﻴﻨﻰ) - born 1805 - died January 9 1880), was a famous Sufi saint from Hyderabad State and had a great influence over spiritual developments in the Deccan area. He belonged to Qadiri Order, and was a great proponent of the concept of Wahdat al-Shuhood.

Sahib Husayni was a "murid" (disciple) of the noted Sufi saint of Hyderabad, Hazrat Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri, who also belonged to the Qadiri Order.

Biography

As per the family tree preserved in the family records, Sayyid Sahib Husayni was a direct descendent of Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah and Ali ibn Abi Talib. The thirteenth in line from their descent was the famous sufi Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani, who founded the Qadiri Order and Sayyid Sahib Husayni is his direct descendent. Sayyid Sahib Husayni belongs to the forty-first generation after Fatimah. [See "History of Takemal Dargah" by Syed Ahmed Quadri, Hyderabad, 1978, pp 4-5 for the complete list of ancestors of Sayyid Sahib Husayni.]

He was born Sayyid Sahib Husayni in Tekmal in 1805. His father was Sayyid Abdur Razzaq who was also initiated into the Qadiri Order. This was during the period of the Nizam Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III of Hyderabad State.

Sahib Husayni moved to Hyderabad city at the age of 14 to pursue his higher education and remained there for five years despite financial pressures. He was determined to acquire the knowledge of religious and worldly sciences. In 1824, he was forced to return to Tekmal due to illness and death of his father. That is when he realized that he had not been able to acquire the knowledge of spiritual awareness from his father who was very advanced in these matters.

Sayyid Sahib Husayni lamented this for a long time. Eventually he claims to have had dreams in 1825 which his father appeared and advised him to become the disciple of Hazrat Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri, who was a famous Sufi of his times in Hyderabad. Therefore, he sought out this great sufi, and became his disciple the following year in 1826. The same year, Hazrat Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri appointed Sayyid Sahib Husayni as his "khalifa" (successor). Having acquired this status, Sahib Hussaini returnd home to Tekmal.

During the upcoming years, Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri visited his khalifah Sayyid Sahib Husayni a number of times in Tekmal. During one such visit in 1831, he also granted the title of "sajjadah" to Sayyid Sahib Husayni.

In 1833, Shah Muhammad Maroof Shahidullah Qadiri visited Tekmal again, and proclaimed that he would die in that town, and be buried there. A place for his grave was determined. He came again the following year in 1834 and expired and is burined in Tekmal according to his will. His death occurred on 2 Sha'aban 1249 Hijri. ["Shajar Ghawsiya tekmal mein", by Syed Ahmed Quadri, Hyderabad, 1977, page 59.] Twenty one years later in 1854, Sayyid Sahib Husayni had a mausoleum constructed over the tomb of his master.

Sayyid Sahib Husayni died in Tekmal in the year 1880 and his buried there. He left behind 5 sons and one daughter as follows:
* Sayyid Ahmad Badshah Qadiri (who became his successor)
* Sayyid Maroof Badshah Qadiri
* Sayyid Yasin Badshah Qadiri
* Sayyid Muhyi-uddin Badshah Qadiri
* Sayyid Qadir Badshah Qadiri
* Sahibni Bi (daughter) who was married to Khwaja Qiyamuddin

His Works

Sayyid Sahib Husayni wrote a number of books on aspects of Sufism.

His other famous works are the following books in Persian and Urdu languages:
* "Masnawi Shahid-ul-Askar" - This book is a commentary on book "Khatimah" written by Khwaja Bande Nawaz
* "Shawahid-i Husayni" - This book covers a number of subjects. It has chapters on the Islamic creed, Islamic jurisprudence, issues of Sufism, guidance on the Sufi path, worship, day to day affairs, and methods of entering into the remembrance of Allah.
* "Shahid-ul-Wujud" - This book was originally written in Persian and translated into Urdu by Prof. Syed Ataullah Hussaini, Karachi, 1986. It covers aspects of Sufi thought.
* "Nukat-i Shahid" - This book covers answers to questions raised by his disciples among other subjects.
* "Maktub-i Husayni" - This is a compilation of his letters.
* "Farhang-i Husayni" - This is a primer on Persian grammar and language, and it has been used for decades in many parts of Hyderabad State for the teaching of Persian language. This was the first book he wrote. It was written during the years 1827 and 1831.

Ancestry

Sayyid Sahib Husayni is a direct descendent of the Prophet Muhammad. His family lineage is as follows:
1. Fatima, daughter of Prophet Muhammad
2. Hasan ibn Ali
3. Hasan Muthanna
4. Abdallah Mahidh
5. Musa Al-Jun
6. Abdullah Thani
7. Musa Thani
8. Dawud
9. Muhammad
10. Yahya Zahid
11. Abdallah
12. Abu Saleh Musa
13. Abdul Qadir Gilani
14. Sayyid Tajuddin Abdur Razzaq Qadiri, 1135-1207
15. Sayyid Abu Saleh Imaduddin Nasar Qadiri, d. 1236
16. Sayyid Abu Nasar Shamsuddin Qadiri, d. 1259
17. Sayyid Abdullah Qadiri
18. Sayyid Ibrahim Qadiri
19. Sayyid Jafar Qadiri
20. Sayyid Muhammad Qadiri
21. Sayyid Abdul Ghaffar Qadiri
22. Sayyid Muhammad Qadiri
23. Sayyid Abdur Ra’uf Qadiri
24. Sayyid Abdul Wahhab Qadiri
25. Sayyid Quresh Qadiri
26. Sayyid Abul Fatah Hidayat Ali Qadiri
27. Sayyid Sultan ul Muhyi-uddin Qadiri
28. Sayyid Hameed Qadiri
29. Sayyid Abdul Malik Qadiri
30. Sayyid Umar Qadiri
31. Sayyid Ahmad Qadiri
32. Sayyid Ali Mas`ud Qadiri
33. Sayyid Awliya Qadiri
34. Sayyid Abul Hasan Qadiri
35. Sayyid Ahmad Qadiri
36. Sayyid Jamalullah Qadiri
37. Sayyid Abdul Wahid Qadiri
38. Sayyid Shukrullah Qadiri
39. Sayyid Abdul Wahid Sani Qadiri
40. Sayyid Abdur Razzaq Qadiri
41. Sayyid Sahib Husayni Qadiri

References

Bibliography

* Quadri, Syed Ahmed, "History of Takemal Dargah", Hyderabad, 1977
* Quadri, Syed Shah Azam Ali Soofi, "Muqaddas Tekmal", Hyderabad, 1985
* Quadri, Syed Ahmed, "Shajar-i Ghawsiya Tekmal mein", Hyderabad, 1977
* Quadri, Syed Ahmed, "A New Lease of Life to Tekmal", Hyderabad, 1982
* Quadri, Syed Ahmed, "Karamat o Halat", Hyderabad, 1978

Other Wikipedia References

* Sufi Saints of South Asia