- Trujillo, Colón
Infobox Settlement
official_name =Trujillo
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flag_size = 160px
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seal_size = 60px
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pushpin_mapsize =300
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = flag|Honduras
subdivision_type1 = Departament
subdivision_name1 = Colón
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population_as_of = 2004
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population_total = 30,000
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latd= 15|latm= 55|lats= |latNS=N
longd=86 |longm=0 |longs= |longEW=W
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footnotes =Trujillo is a city and a
municipality on the northernCaribbean coast of the Honduran department of Colón, of which the city is the capital. The municipality has a population of about 30,000 (2003). The city is located on a bluff overlooking theBay of Trujillo . Behind the city rise two prominent mountains,Mount Capiro andMount Calentura . ThreeGarifuna fishing villages--Santa Fe, San Antonio, and Guadelupe--are located along the beach.History
Christopher Columbus landed in Trujillo onAugust 14 ,1502 , during his fourth and final voyage to the Americas. Columbus named the place "Punta de Caxinas". It was the first time he touched the Central American mainland. He noticed that the water in this part of the Caribbean was very deep and therefore called the area "Golfo de Honduras", i.e., "The Gulf of the Depths" ("see":Bay of Honduras ).The history of the modern town begins in
1524 , shortly after the conquest ofMexico byHernán Cortés . Cortés sentCristóbal de Olid to found a Spanish outpost in the region, and he established a town namedTriunfo de la Cruz in the vicinity. When Olid began using the town as his base for establishing his own realm inCentral America , Cortés sentFrancisco de las Casas to remove him. Las Casas lost most of his fleet in a storm, but he was nevertheless able to defeat Olid and restore the region to Cortés. Upon assuming control, Las Casas decided to relocate the town to its present location, because the natural harbor was larger. At the same time, Triunfo de la Cruz was renamed Trujillo. His deputy,Juan Lopez de Aguirre was charged with establishing the new town, but he sailed off, leaving another deputy, named Medina, to found the town.Cortés himself visited the town shortly after, during a campaign to suppress the internecine fighting between his followers. It was he who sent ships to established Spanish colonies in
Jamaica andCuba for saplings, seed, and domesticated animals that could be raised there. In the coming years, however, Trujillo became more important as a shipment point forgold andsilver mined in the interior of the country. Because of its sparse population, the city also became a frequent target ofpirate s.Under Spanish rule Trujillo became the capital of Honduras, but because of its vulnerability the capital was changed to the inland town of
Comayagua . The fortress, Fortaleza de Santa Bárbara (El Castillo), which sits on the bluff overlooking the bay, was built by the Spanish around1550 . Nevertheless, it was inadequate to really defend Trujillo from pirates--the largest gathering of pirates in history took place in the vicinity in1683 --or rival colonial powers: the Dutch, French, and English. The town was destroyed several times between1633 and1797 , and during the eighteenth century, the Spanish all but abandoned Trujillo because it was deemed indefensible.When Honduras obtained its independence in
1821 , Trujillo lost its status ofcapital city permanently first toComayagua , which lost it toTegucigalpa in1880 . From this same period onwards Trujillo also began to prosper again.In
1860 , themercenary William Walker, who had seized control of neighboring Nicaragua, was finally caught and executed in Trujillo. His tomb is a local tourist attraction.American author
O. Henry (William Sydney Porter) spent about a year living in Honduras, primarily in Trujillo. He later wrote a number of short stories that took place in "Coralio" in the fictional Central American country of "Anchuria", based on the real town of Trujillo. Most of these stories appear in his book "Of Cabbages and Kings".Further reading
* Robert Stoner Chamberlain, "The Conquest and Colonization of Honduras, 1502-1550", 1966. ISBN 0374913684
Honduras independence was in 1821.
External links
* [http://www.truxillo.info Truxillo.info] (history, news and pictures of Trujillo(spanish)).
* [http://www.goodfelloweb.com/honduras/trujillo/index.html Honduran Notebook, 1997]
* [http://www.infohn.com Interactive Map of Trujjilo]
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