Pentene

Pentene
Straight chain pentenes

1-Pentene

cis-2-Pentene

trans-2-Pentene
Identifiers
CAS number 109-67-1 (1-pentene) YesY, 627-20-3 (cis-2-pentene) YesY, 646-04-8 (trans-2-pentene) YesY
Jmol-3D images Image 1
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Properties
Molecular formula C5H10
Molar mass 70.13 g mol−1
Density 0.64 g/cm3 (1-pentene)[1]
Melting point

-165.2 °C (1-pentene)[1]
Boiling point

30 °C (1-pentene)[1]
Hazards
MSDS MSDS
 YesY (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Pentene refers to all the alkenes with chemical formula C5H10. Each contains one double bond within its molecular structure. There are a total of five different compounds in this class, differing from each other by whether the carbon atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure, and whether the double bond has a cis or trans form.

Contents

Straight-chain isomers

1-Pentene is an alpha-olefin. Most often 1-pentene is made as a byproduct of catalytic or thermal cracking of petroleum, or during production of ethylene and propylene via thermal cracking of hydrocarbon fractions. It is rarely isolated as a separate compound. Instead, it is most often blended into gasoline or, in a mixture with other hydrocarbons, alkylated with isobutane to make gasoline.

The only commercial manufacturer of 1-pentene[citation needed] is Sasol Ltd, where it is separated from crude made by the Fischer-Tropsch process.

2-Pentene has two geometric isomers, cis-2-pentene and trans-2-pentene. cis-2-Pentene is used in olefin metathesis.

Alternative names for 1-pentene include amylene, n-amylene, and n-pentene. Alternative names for 2-pentene include beta-n-amylene and sym-methylethylethylene.

Branched-chain isomers

The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and 2-methylbut-2-ene (isoamylene).

Isoamylene is one of three main byproducts of deep catalytic cracking (DCC), a relatively new concept that is very similar to the operation of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). The DCC uses vacuum gas oil (VGO) as a feedstock to produce primarily propylene, isobutylene, and isoamylene. The rise in demand for polypropylene has encouraged the growth of the DCCU, which is operated very much like an FCCU. Isobutylene and isoamylene are feedstocks necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME).

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Record in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA


v · d · eAlkenes
Ethene ( C2H4 ) • Propene ( C3H6 ) • Butene ( C4H8 ) • Pentene ( C5H10 ) • Hexene ( C6H12 ) • Heptene ( C7H14 ) • Octene ( C8H16 ) • Nonene ( C9H18 ) • Decene ( C10H20 )

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pentene — (auch Amylene genannt) sind Kohlenwasserstoffe mit der Summenformel C5H10, die über eine Kohlenstoff Kohlenstoff Doppelbindung (kurz C–C Doppelbindung) verfügen. Sie gehören somit zur Gruppe der Alkene. Es gibt fünf konstitutionsisomere Pentene,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pentene — Pentène « Pentène » est un terme qui réfère aux alcènes de formule C5H10 et correspond donc à six molécules différentes. Sommaire 1 Propriétés 2 Isomères 3 Synthèse 4 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pentène — « Pentène » est un terme qui réfère aux alcènes de formule C5H10 et correspond donc à six molécules différentes. Sommaire 1 Propriétés 2 Isomères 3 Synthèse 4 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pentene — Pen tene, n. [See {Penta }.] (Chem.) Same as {Amylene}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • pentene — [pen′tēn΄] n. AMYLENE * * * …   Universalium

  • Pentene —   [griechisch], Singular Penten das, s, Amylene, zu den Alkenen gehörende Kohlenwasserstoffe mit der Summenformel C5H10, Isomerengemische in Crackgasen; die niedrig siedenden, leicht brennbaren Flüssigkeiten oder Gase dienen u. a. zu organischen… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • pentene — [pen′tēn΄] n. AMYLENE …   English World dictionary

  • pentene — ˈpen.ˌtēn noun ( s) Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary penta + ene : either of the two normal amylenes obtained from gasoline: a. : the alpha or 1 isomer CH3CH2CH2CH . CH2 called also alpha n amylene, 1 pentene b …   Useful english dictionary

  • pentene — noun Any of several isomeric alkenes having five carbon atoms and one double bond …   Wiktionary

  • pentene — pen·tene pen .tēn n either of the two normal amylenes obtained from gasoline …   Medical dictionary

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