Metabolic intermediate

Metabolic intermediate

Metabolic intermediates refers to molecules which are the precursors or metabolites of biologically significant molecules.

Although these intermediates are of relatively minor direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles in the allosteric regulation of enzymes.

Clinical significance

Some can be useful in measuring rates of metabolic processes (for example, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid or 3-aminoisobutyrate).

Because they can represent unnatural points of entry into natural metabolic pathways, some (such as AICA ribonucleotide) are of interest to researchers in developing new therapies.

See also

v · Fructose and galactose metabolic intermediates
Fructose
Fructose-1-phosphate → DHAP/Glyceraldehyde → Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Galactose
Mannose

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
v · Glycogenesis and glycogenolysis metabolic intermediates
Glucose
Glucose 6-phosphate · Glucose 1-phosphate
Uridine
Other

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
v · Pentose phosphate pathway metabolic intermediates
Oxidative
Nonoxidative

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
v · d · eCholesterol and steroid metabolic intermediates
Mevalonate pathway
Geranyl-
Prephytoene diphosphate · Phytoene
Non-mevalonate pathway
DOXP · MEP · CDP-ME · CDP-MEP · MEcPP · HMB-PP · IPP · DMAPP
To Cholesterol

Farnesyl pyrophosphate · Squalene · 2,3-Oxidosqualene · Lanosterol

Lanosterol · Lathosterol · 7-Dehydrocholesterol · Cholesterol

Lanosterol · Zymosterol · 7-Dehydrodesmosterol · Desmosterol · Cholesterol
Steroid
Corticosteroids
(C21 pregnane)
Androgens
(C19 androstane)
Estrogens
(C18 estrane)
Nonhuman

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

M: END

anat/phys/devp/horm

noco(d)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A10/H1/H2/H3/H5)
biochemical families: prot · nucl · carb (glpr, alco, glys) · lipd (fata/i, phld, strd, gllp, eico) · amac/i · ncbs/i · ttpy/i
v · Amino acid metabolism metabolic intermediates
K→acetyl-CoA
G
G→pyruvate→citrate
G→glutamate→
α-ketoglutarate
other
G→fumarate
G→oxaloacetate
Other

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
biochemical families: prot · nucl · carb (glpr, alco, glys) · lipd (fata/i, phld, strd, gllp, eico) · amac/i · ncbs/i · ttpy/i
v · d · eNucleotide metabolic intermediates
Purine metabolism
Anabolism

R5P→IMP: R5P · PRPP · PRA · GAR · FGAR · FGAM · AIR · CAIR · SAICAR · AICAR · FAICAR

IMP→AMP: Adenylosuccinate

IMP→GMP: Xanthosine monophosphate
Catabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
biochemical families: prot · nucl · carb (glpr, alco, glys) · lipd (fata/i, phld, strd, gllp, eico) · amac/i · ncbs/i · ttpy/i
v · Neurotransmitter metabolic intermediates
catecholamines
Anabolism
(tyrosine→epinephrine)
Catabolism/
metabolites

dopamine: DOPAL · DOPAC · MOPET · Hydroxytyrosol · 3-Methoxytyramine · Homovanillic acid

norepinephrine: 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid · Normetanephrine · Vanillylmandelic acid · 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol · Dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol

epinephrine: Metanephrine
tryptophan→serotonin
serotonin→melatonin

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
v · Heme metabolic intermediates
Porphyrin biosynthesis
Heme degradation
and excretion
Breakdown of heme
Intestine, excretion in feces
Kidney, excretion in urine

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

M: MYL

cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs

rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst

drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns
biochemical families: prot · nucl · carb (glpr, alco, glys) · lipd (fata/i, phld, strd, gllp, eico) · amac/i · ncbs/i · ttpy/i
v · Thyroid hormone metabolic intermediates
Tyrosine / iodotyrosine
Thyronine / iodothyronine
Thyronamine / iodothyronamine
3-Iodothyronamine · 3,3',5-Triiodothyronamine

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

M: END

anat/phys/devp/horm

noco(d)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A10/H1/H2/H3/H5)

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Metabolic alkalosis — Classification and external resources Davenport diagram ICD 10 E …   Wikipedia

  • metabolic disease — ▪ pathology Introduction       any of the diseases or disorders that disrupt normal metabolism, the process of converting food to energy on a cellular (cell) level. Thousands of enzymes participating in numerous interdependent metabolic pathways… …   Universalium

  • Metabolic theory of ecology — The metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) is an extension of Kleiber s law and posits that the metabolic rate of organisms is the fundamental biological rate that governs most observed patterns in ecology.[1] MTE is based on an interpretation of the… …   Wikipedia

  • intermediate — 1. Between two extremes; interposed; intervening. 2. A substance formed in the course of chemical reactions that then proceeds to participate in further reactions; such substances, when appearing in the course of the reactions involved in… …   Medical dictionary

  • Basal metabolic rate — (BMR), and the closely related resting metabolic rate (RMR), is the amount of daily energy expended by humans and animals at rest. Rest is defined as existing in a neutrally temperate environment while in the post absorptive state. In plants,… …   Wikipedia

  • oxaloacetate — Metabolic intermediate. Couples with acetyl CoA to form citrate, ie. the entry point of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Formed from aspartic acid by transamination …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • Microbial metabolism — is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic… …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of cell biology — [ micrograph of a moss s leaf cells at 400X magnification.] : For a more comprehensive list, see the List of cell biology topics. Cell biology (formerly cytology, from the Greek kytos , container ) is an academic discipline that studies cells –… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of cell biology — Light micrograph of a moss s leaf cells at 400X magnification. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: Cell biology (formerly cytology, from the Greek kytos, container ) – academic discipline that… …   Wikipedia

  • 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate — Chembox new ImageFile = 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate.png OtherNames = Section1 = Chembox Identifiers PubChem = 683 CASNo = 1981 49 3 Section2 = Chembox Properties Formula = C3H8O10P2 MolarMass = 266.037 Density = MeltingPt = BoilingPt = 1,3… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”