- Hemosiderosis
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Caption = Image of a kidney viewed under a microscope. The brown areas contain hemosiderin
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MeshID = D006486Hemosiderosis (AmE) or haemosiderosis (BrE) is a form of
iron overload disorder resulting in the accumulation ofhemosiderin .Types include:
*Transfusion hemosiderosis
*Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis Hemosiderin deposition in the
lung s is often seen afterdiffuse alveolar hemorrhage , which occurs in diseases such asGoodpasture's syndrome ,Wegener's granulomatosis , andidiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis .Mitral stenosis can also lead to pulmonary hemosiderosis. Hemosiderin collects throughout the body inhemochromatosis . Hemosiderin deposition in theliver is a common feature of hemochromatosis and is the cause of liver failure in the disease. Deposition in the pancreas leads to diabetes and in the skin leads to hyperpigmentation. Hemosiderin deposition in the brain is seen after bleeds from any source, including chronicsubdural hemorrhage ,Cerebral arteriovenous malformation s, cavernous hemangiomata. Hemosiderin collects in the skin and is slowly removed after bruising; hemosiderin may remain in some conditions such asstasis dermatitis . Hemosiderin in the kidneys have been associated with marked hemolysis and a rare blood disorder called Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria.Hemosiderin may deposit in diseases associated with iron overload. These diseases are typically diseases in which chronic blood loss requires frequent
blood transfusion s, such assickle cell anemia andthalassemia .Treatment
Treatment for hemosiderin focuses on limiting the effects of the underlying disease leading to continued deposition. In hemochromatosis, this entails frequent
phlebotomy . In diseases such as Wegener's granulomatosis, immune suppression is required. Limiting blood transfusions and institution of ironchelation therapy when iron overload is detected are important when managing sickle-cell anemia and other chronichemolytic anemia s.ee also
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Siderosis
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