Sulphur

Sulphur
Sulphur Sul"phur, n. [L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.] 1. (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as pyrites) and sulphates (as gypsum), or native in volcanic regions, in vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96. [1913 Webster]

Note: It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a lemon-yellow powder (by sublimation), called flour, or flowers, of sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll sulphur, or brimstone. It burns with a blue flame and a peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in medicine (as a laxative and insecticide), but its chief use is in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be obtained in two crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the former of which is the more stable at ordinary temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical relations, of a group of elements, including selenium and tellurium, called collectively the sulphur group, or family. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen. [1913 Webster]

2. (Zo["o]l.) Any one of numerous species of yellow or orange butterflies of the subfamily {Pierin[ae]}; as, the clouded sulphur ({Eurymus philodice} syn. {Colias philodice}), which is the common yellow butterfly of the Eastern United States. [1913 Webster]

{Amorphous sulphur} (Chem.), an elastic variety of sulphur of a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring melted sulphur into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle crystalline modification.

{Liver of sulphur}. (Old Chem.) See {Hepar}.

{Sulphur acid}. (Chem.) See {Sulphacid}.

{Sulphur alcohol}. (Chem.) See {Mercaptan}.

{Sulphur auratum} [L.] (Old Chem.), a golden yellow powder, consisting of antimonic sulphide, {Sb2S5}, -- formerly a famous nostrum.

{Sulphur base} (Chem.), an alkaline sulphide capable of acting as a base in the formation of sulphur salts according to the old dual theory of salts. [Archaic]

{Sulphur dioxide} (Chem.), a colorless gas, {SO2}, of a pungent, suffocating odor, produced by the burning of sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the production of sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called also {sulphurous anhydride}, and formerly {sulphurous acid}.

{Sulphur ether} (Chem.), a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals, formed like the ordinary ethers, which are oxides, but with sulphur in the place of oxygen.

{Sulphur salt} (Chem.), a salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt.

{Sulphur showers}, showers of yellow pollen, resembling sulphur in appearance, often carried from pine forests by the wind to a great distance.

{Sulphur trioxide} (Chem.), a white crystalline solid, {SO3}, obtained by oxidation of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in water with a hissing noise and the production of heat, forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a dehydrating agent. Called also {sulphuric anhydride}, and formerly {sulphuric acid}.

{Sulphur whale}. (Zo["o]l.) See {Sulphur-bottom}.

{Vegetable sulphur} (Bot.), lycopodium powder. See under {Lycopodium}. [1913 Webster]


The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?
Synonyms:

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Sulphur — Sulphur, OK U.S. city in Oklahoma Population (2000): 4794 Housing Units (2000): 2220 Land area (2000): 6.818133 sq. miles (17.658882 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.145305 sq. miles (0.376337 sq. km) Total area (2000): 6.963438 sq. miles (18.035219… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • Sulphur — ist der Name mehrerer Orte in den Vereinigten Staaten: Sulphur (Indiana) Sulphur (Louisiana) Sulphur (Oklahoma) in Kanada: Sulphur (Yukon) ein chemisches Element: Schwefel Diese Seite ist eine …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sulphur, LA — U.S. city in Louisiana Population (2000): 20512 Housing Units (2000): 8665 Land area (2000): 10.040262 sq. miles (26.004157 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 10.040262 sq. miles (26.004157 sq. km)… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • Sulphur, OK — U.S. city in Oklahoma Population (2000): 4794 Housing Units (2000): 2220 Land area (2000): 6.818133 sq. miles (17.658882 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.145305 sq. miles (0.376337 sq. km) Total area (2000): 6.963438 sq. miles (18.035219 sq. km) FIPS …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • sulphur — (US & Chemistry sulfur) ► NOUN 1) a combustible non metallic chemical element which typically occurs as yellow crystals. 2) the material of which hellfire and lightning were formerly believed to consist. ORIGIN Latin sulfur, sulphur …   English terms dictionary

  • Sulphur — (lat.), der Schwefel, s.d. Sulphurĕus, schwefelgelb …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Sulphur — (lat.), s. Sulfur …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Sulphur — (Sulfur, lat.), Schwefel …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Sulphur — Sulphur, s. Sulfur …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • SULPHUR — in terrae reliquis generibus vel maxime mirâ est naturâ, ut quô plurima domantur. Nascitur in insulis Aeoliis, sed nobilissimum in Melo insula Genera quatuor, vivum Alterum genus appellant glebam, fullonum tantum officints familiare. Tertîo… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”